This is a linear disturbance dataset for the Upper North Saskatchewan and Upper Red Deer River Basins of Alberta. This dataset was created to support spatial analyses of linear disturbances in the Upper North Saskatchewan and Upper Red Deer River Basins for the Alberta Environment and Parks report entitled “Ecological response to land use and human activities in the eastern slopes of Alberta’s Rocky Mountains: A scientific assessment”. This is a polyline dataset covering the Upper North Saskatchewan and Upper Red Deer River Basins of Alberta, Canada. It shows linear features present in ~2016/2017. Linear disturbances are grouped into five categories using attribution from input data sources. These include: paved roads; gravel roads; unimproved roads, unclassified roads, and truck trails; pipelines and powerlines; and cutlines and trails.The dataset compiles information from five of the most current Government of Alberta and public linear disturbance data sources: these are: Alberta Base Features (AB BF) (Alberta Environment and Parks, 2018), 2017 Red Deer – North Saskatchewan Trail data (RDNS Regional Informatics Unit, Alberta Environment and Parks, November 2017), 2017 Pipeline data (Ecosystem Services and Science Section, Alberta Environment and Parks March 2018), Jasper National Park Official Trails, and Banff National Park Official Trails (obtained from geomatics coordinators for each National Park, July 2018 and available through the Government of Canada Open data license agreement).