01040a3e-e75b-48d1-9ece-e96b4ccdebc3 2025-05-15T21:11:01.289282Z ISO 19115-3 - SEXTANT 1.0 2 false The GEBCO_2019 Grid - a continuous terrain model of the global oceans and land. 2019-03-28 publication 2019-01-01 creation DTM_GEBCO_2019 The GEBCO_2019 Grid is a global continuous terrain model for ocean and land with a spatial resolution of 15 arc seconds. The grid uses as a base Version 1 of the SRTM15_plus data set (Sandwell et al). This data set is a fusion of land topography with measured and estimated seafloor topography. It is largely based on version 11 of SRTM30_plus (5). Included on top of this base grid are gridded bathymetric data sets developed by the four Regional Centers of The Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project, and from a number of international and national data repositories and regional mapping initiatives. The GEBCO_2019 Grid represents all data within the 2019 compilation. The compilation of the GEBCO_2019 Grid was carried out at the Seabed 2030 Global Center, hosted at the National Oceanography Centre, UK, with the aim of producing a seamless global terrain model. The majority of the compilation was done using the remove-restore procedure (Smith and Sandwell, 1997; Becker, Sandwell and Smith, 2009 and Hell and Jakobsson, 2011). This is a two stage process of computing the difference between the new data and the base grid and then gridding the difference and adding the difference back to the existing base grid. The aim is to achieve a smooth transition between the new and base data sets with the minimum of perturbation of the existing base data set. The data sets supplied in the form of complete grids (primarily areas north of 60N and south of 50S) were included using feather blending techniques from GlobalMapper software. The GEBCO_2019 Grid has been developed through the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project. This is a collaborative project between the Nippon Foundation of Japan and the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO). It aims to bring together all available bathymetric data to produce the definitive map of the world ocean floor by 2030 and make it available to all. Funded by the Nippon Foundation, the four Seabed 2030 Regional Centers include the Southern Ocean - hosted at the Alfred Wegener Institute, Germany; South and West Pacific Ocean - hosted at the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, New Zealand; Atlantic and Indian Oceans - hosted at the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, USA; Arctic and North Pacific Oceans - hosted at Stockholm University, Sweden and the Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping at the University of New Hampshire, USA). GEBCO GEBCO Bathymetric Compilation Group 2019 author Weatherall P.A. (1); Sandwell D.T. (2); Arndt J.E. (3); Bringensparr C. (4); Castro C.B. (4); Dorschel B. (3); Ferrini V. (5); Giulivi C.F. (5); Hehemann L. (3); Jakobsson M. (6); Johnson P. (7); Ketter T. (7); Lamarche G. (8); Mackay K. (8); Martin T.V. (5); Mayer L.A. (7); Mohammad R. (4); Nitsche F.O. (5); Snaith H. (9); Steinmetz T. (8) (1) British Oceanographic Data Centre, Liverpool; (2) Scripps Institution of Oceanography; (3) Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; (4) Stockholm University, Department of Geological Sciences; (5) Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory; (6) University of Stockholm, Sweden; (7) Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping, USA; (8) New Zealand National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research, Wellington; (9) British Oceanographic Data Centre, Southampton principalInvestigator British Oceanographic Data Centre, National Oceanography Centre, NERC, UK enquiries@bodc.ac.uk publisher https://sextant.ifremer.fr/geonetwork/srv/api/records/01040a3e-e75b-48d1-9ece-e96b4ccdebc3/attachments/gebco2019.jfif https://sextant.ifremer.fr/geonetwork/srv/api/records/01040a3e-e75b-48d1-9ece-e96b4ccdebc3/attachments/GEBCO2019.png Gebco /Physical Environment/Bathymetry/Digital Terrain Model Thèmes Sextant 2022-01-25 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.local.theme.sextant-theme Elevation GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2018-07-27 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.httpinspireeceuropaeutheme-theme Southern Ocean, Indian Ocean, Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, World, elevation, oceans DO NOT USE FOR NAVIGATION grid 15 utf8 oceans -180.00 180.00 -90.00 90.00 https://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/gebco_2019/gebco_2019_info.html WWW:LINK SeaBed 2030 - Gebco_2019 website https://www.gebco.net/data_and_products/gridded_bathymetry_data/ WWW:DOWNLOAD Download link on gebco website https://www.bodc.ac.uk/data/published_data_library/catalogue/10.5285/836f016a-33be-6ddc-e053-6c86abc0788e/ DOI GEBCO Bathymetric Compilation Group 2019 (2019). The GEBCO_2019 Grid - a continuous terrain model of the global oceans and land. British Oceanographic Data Centre, National Oceanography Centre, NERC, UK https://tiles.emodnet-bathymetry.eu/ WWW:LINK EMODnet Bathymetry WMTS service https://emodnet.ec.europa.eu/geoviewer WWW:LINK EMODnet viewer RÈGLEMENT (UE) N o 1089/2010 DE LA COMMISSION du 23 novembre 2010 portant modalités d'application de la directive 2007/2/CE du Parlement européen et du Conseil en ce qui concerne l'interopérabilité des séries et des services de données géographiques 2010-12-08 publication See the referenced specification Grid Development The GEBCO_2019 Grid is a continuous, global terrain model for ocean and land with a spatial resolution of 15 arc seconds. The grid uses as a ‘base’ Version 1 of the SRTM15+ data set (Olson et al, 2014). This data set is a fusion of land topography with measured and estimated seafloor topography. It is largely based on version 11 of SRTM30+ (Becker et al, 2009; Sandwell et al, 2014), augmented with the gridded bathymetric data sets developed by the four Seabed 2030 Regional Centers. The published data were recalculated on a cell-registered grid for use by GEBCO. The Regional Centers have compiled gridded bathymetric data sets, largely based on multibeam data, on a sub-set of the global grid for their areas of responsibility. These regional grids were then provided these to the Global Center. For areas outside of the polar regions (primarily south of 60N and north of 50S), these data sets are in the form of 'sparse grids', i.e. only grid cells that contain data were populated. For the polar regions, complete grids were provided due to the complexities of incorporating data held in polar coordinates. The compilation of the GEBCO_2019 Grid from these regional data grids, with some additional source data sets, was carried out at the Global Center, with the aim of producing a seamless global terrain model. The majority of the work, for the non-polar regions, was done using the 'remove-restore' procedure (Smith and Sandwell, 1997; Becker, Sandwell and Smith, 2009 and Hell and Jakobsson, 2011). This is a two stage process of computing the difference between the new data and the 'base' grid, gridding the difference and adding this difference back to the existing 'base' grid. The aim is to achieve a smooth transition between the 'new' and 'base' data sets with the minimum of perturbation of the existing base data set. For the polar data sets, and the adjoining North Sea are, supplied in the form of complete grids these data sets were included using feather blending techniques from GlobalMapper software version 11.01, made available by Blue Marble Geographic. The GEBCO_2019 Grid includes data sets from a number of international and national data repositories and regional mapping initiatives. For information on the data sets included in the GEBCO_2019 Grid, please see our Data Contributors. Land Data The land data in the GEBCO Grid are taken directly from SRTM15+ for all areas outside the Polar regions. South of 60°S, the land topography is determined from Bedmap2 (Fretwell et al, 2013). GEBCO Type Identifier (TID) Grid The GEBCO Grid is accompanied by a Type Identifier (TID) grid. This data set identifies the type of source data that the corresponding grid cells in the GEBCO Grid are based on. This data set was formerly known as the 'Source Identifier' (SID) Grid. Data Dissemination GEBCO's gridded data sets are made available as a global file in CF-netCDF format and for user-defined areas in CF-netCDF, Esri ASCII raster or data GeoTiff. The complete data set provides global coverage, spanning 89° 59' 52.5''N, 179° 59' 52.5''W to 89°: 59' 52.5''S, 179° 59' 52.5''E on a 15 arc-second grid. It consists of 86400 rows x 43200 columns, giving 3,732,480,000 data points. The data values are pixel-centre registered i.e. they refer to elevations at the centre of grid cells. Within the file, the GEBCO_2019 Grid is stored as a two-dimensional array of 32-bit float values of elevation in metres, with negative values for bathymetric depths and positive values for topographic heights. The netCDF storage is arranged as contiguous latitudinal bands. The total dataset is 12Gb. GEBCO's grids and vertical datum GEBCO's global elevation models are generated by the assimilation of heterogeneous data types, assuming all of them to be referred to mean sea level. However, in some shallow water areas, the grids include data from sources having a vertical datum other than mean sea level. We are working to understand how best to fully assimilate these data.