2650ec59-f8df-4072-8a9c-9cc951fd7661 European Environment Agency Kongens Nytorv 6 Copenhagen K 1050 Denmark sdi@eea.europa.eu pointOfContact 2026-03-31T09:49:23.138396Z ISO 19115/19139 1.0 EPSG:3035 Urban Atlas Land Cover/Land Use Change 2018-2021 (vector), Europe, 3-yearly, Jan. 2026 2025-11-15 creation 2026-01-31 publication 01.00 copernicus_v_3035_10_k_uac-2018-2021_p_2018-2021_v01_r00 DAT-190-en 10.2909/2650ec59-f8df-4072-8a9c-9cc951fd7661 doi.org Urban Atlas Land Cover/Land Use Change 2018-2021 provides reliable, inter-comparable, high-resolution land use and land cover change data for 764 Functional Urban Areas (FUA) with more than 50,000 inhabitants for the 2021 reference year in EEA38 countries (EU, EFTA, Western Balkans countries, as well as Türkiye) and the United Kingdom. European Commission https://commission.europa.eu owner Copernicus Land Monitoring Service copernicus@eea.europa.eu https://land.copernicus.eu custodian European Environment Agency Kongens Nytorv 6 Copenhagen K 1050 Denmark sdi@eea.europa.eu http://www.eea.europa.eu publisher Copernicus Land Monitoring Service helpdesk copernicus@eea.europa.eu https://land.copernicus.eu/en/contact-service-helpdesk pointOfContact https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/catalogue/api/records/2650ec59-f8df-4072-8a9c-9cc951fd7661/attachments/SDI_UAChange1821.png Land use GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2008-06-01 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.httpinspireeceuropaeutheme-theme United Kingdom EEA38 (from 2020) Continents, countries, sea regions of the world. 2015-07-17T12:00:00 publication 2015-07-17 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.place.regions land cover landscape alteration urban area land use GEMET 2021-11-30 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.gemet European Spatial scope 2019-05-22 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.httpinspireeceuropaeumetadatacodelistSpatialScope-SpatialScope Land use EEA topics 2022-10-18 publication 2020-09-24 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.eea-topics EEA Management Plan 2023-05-31 publication 2021-08-25 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.local.theme.eea-mp no limitations to public access The Copernicus component is governed by Regulation (EU) No 2021/696 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 April 2021 establishing the Union Space Programme and the European Union Agency for the Space Programme and repealing Regulations (EU) No 912/2010, (EU) No 1285/2013 and (EU) No 377/2014 and Decision No 541/2014/EU. Within the Copernicus component, a portfolio of land monitoring activities has been delegated by the European Union to the European Environment Agency (EEA) and the DG Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. The Copernicus land monitoring products and services are made available on a principle of full, open and free access, as established by the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1159/2013 of 12 July 2013. Free, full and open access to the products and services of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service is made on the conditions that: 1. When distributing or communicating Copernicus Land Monitoring Service products and services (data, software scripts, web services, user and methodological documentation and similar) to the public, users shall inform the public of the source of these products and services. 2. Where the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service products and services have been adapted or modified by the user, the user shall clearly state this. 3. Users shall make sure not to convey the impression to the public that the user's activities are officially endorsed by the European Union. vector 10000 utf8 environment imageryBaseMapsEarthCover 2018-01-01 2021-12-31 -61.23 55.80 -21.00 71.30 Typology 11100 Continuous Urban Fabric (S.L. > 80%) 11210 Discontinuous Dense Urban Fabric (S.L. : 50% - 80%) 11220 Discontinuous Medium Density Urban Fabric (S.L. : 30% - 50%) 11230 Discontinuous Low Density Urban Fabric (S.L. : 10% - 30%) 11240 Discontinuous Very Low Density Urban Fabric (S.L. < 10%) 11300 Isolated Structures 12100 Industrial, commercial, public, military and private units 12210 Fast transit roads and associated land 12220 Other roads and associated land 12230 Railways and associated land 12300 Port areas 12400 Airports 13100 Mineral extraction and dump sites 13300 Construction sites 13400 Land without current use 14110 Green urban areas (Public access) 14120 Green urban areas (Private access) 14130 Green urban areas (Unknown access conditions) 14200 Sports and leisure facilities 21000 Arable land (annual crops) 22000 Permanent crops (vineyards, fruit trees, olive groves) 23000 Pastures 24000 Complex and mixed cultivation patterns 31000 Forests 32000 Herbaceous vegetation associations (natural grassland, moors...) 33000 Open spaces with little or no vegetations (beaches, dunes, bare rocks, glaciers) 40000 Wetland 50000 Water bodies FlatGeobuf 1.1 https://land.copernicus.eu/en/products/urban-atlas WWW:LINK Product Information & Technical Documentation https://land.copernicus.eu/en/products/urban-atlas/urban-atlas-change-2018-2021#download WWW:DOWNLOAD CLMS Website Download (requires authentication) https://doi.org/10.2909/2650ec59-f8df-4072-8a9c-9cc951fd7661 DOI Digital Object Identifier (DOI) Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 publication See the referenced specification Minimum Mapping Unit ha Urban (class 1) to urban (class 1) = 0.1 ha Minimum Mapping Unit ha Rural/natural (classes 2-5) to urban (class 1) = 0.1 ha Minimum Mapping Unit ha Rural/natural (classes 2-5) to rural/natural (classes 2-5) = 0.25 ha Minimum Mapping Unit ha Urban (class 1) to rural/natural (classes 2-5) = 0.25 ha Using the VHR satellite imagery of the reference years 2018 and 2021 in an image-to-image change detection process, the resulting changes as compared to 2018 are mapped. Tasks are performed by applying a mixture of automatic classification routines and visual interpretation. Only polygons containing a real change are mapped into this change layer. For this layer, the MMU (Minimum Mapping Unit) is reduced up to 0.1 ha with some exceptions. Use of ancillary data (OpenStreet Map, TomTom®, CLCplus Backbone 2021, HRL IMD). To ensure that relevant LC/LU changes are appropriately extracted, some specific Minimum Mapping Units for LULC change layer are defined as below: • Urban (class 1) to urban (class 1) = 0.1 ha • Rural/natural (classes 2-5) to urban (class 1) = 0.1 ha • Rural/natural (classes 2-5) to rural/natural (classes 2-5) = 0.25 ha • Urban (class 1) to rural/natural (classes 2-5) = 0.25 ha Considering these MMUs (Minimum Mapping Units), exceptions are made in case of areas where changes involve road and railway networks (classes 12210, 12220, 12230); polygon features classified as road or railway for one date or directly connected to such element are extracted even if area is lower than MMU in order to keep consistency of the transportation network. In this case, and for the concerned polygons, a comment is added in the attribute table.