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            <gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">## Information document concerning the results of the threat analysis
This document provides additional information to better understand and use the threat data produced as part of the integrated recovery approach. This data highlights the sectors where the impacts of threats on occurrences listed by the [Quebec Natural Heritage Data Center (CDPNQ)] (https://www.quebec.ca/gouvernement/gouvernement-ouvert/transparence-performance/indicateurs-statistiques/donnees-especes-situation-precaire) are the most important.

# #Quelles data included in the analyses?
The analyses focus on the following 67 elements (wildlife species):

* Amphibians: swamp frog, boreal chorus frog, western chorus frog, western chorus frog, purple salamander, Adirondack and Appalachian pop., mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain dusky salamander, mountain
* Insects: satyr tawny from the Maritimes
* Mammals: pygmy weasel, rock vole, forest vole, forest vole, forest vole, Cooper lemming vole, northern bat, eastern pygmy bat, Gaspé shrew, longicaude shrew, longicaude shrew, little flying squirrel, little flying squirrel, pop. of the plains of the Great Lakes, small brown bat, eastern pipistrelle
* Birds: golden eagle, diving harlequin, eastern pop., eastern pop., bunting grasshopper pratensis, Pratensis, grasshopper, rufa, peregrine falcon, Anatum/tundrius, Iceland tourniquet, eastern pop., eastern pop., eastern pop., Bicknell's thrush, Bicknell's thrush, horned grebe, black tern, short-eared owl, shore swallow, chimney swift, eastern pop., eastern pop., Bicknell's thrush, thrush of Bicknell, thrush, horned grebe, black tern, short-eared owl, shore swallow, chimney swift, eastern pop. White-tailed Plover, Cerulean Warbler, Golden-winged Warbler, Golden-winged Warbler, Lesser Bittern, Melodus Piping Plover, Bald Eagle, Yellow Rail, Yellow Rail, Roseate Tern
* Fish: savory shad, mesh pike, vermiculated pike, vermiculated pike, crazy cat-rapids, copper redhorse, river redhorse, northern crappy, sand stinger, lake sturgeon, black sturgeon, black sturgeon, black sturgeon, black sturgeon, Atlantic sturgeon, Atlantic sturgeon, black sturgeon, Atlantic sturgeon, black sturgeon, Atlantic sturgeon, black sturgeon, Atlantic sturgeon, Atlantic sturgeon, black sturgeon, gray rock digger, rock darter, northern lamprey, northern lamprey, grass minnow, brass minnow, oquassa arctic char, rainbow smelt, southern pop. of St. Lawrence Estuary
* Reptiles: brown snake, northern water snake, northern ribbonsnake, northern ribbonsnake, spotted snake, green snake, northern collared snake, wood turtle, geographic turtle, geographic turtle, speckled turtle, speckled turtle, musky turtle, spiny softshell turtle

Other species, including floristic species, could be added to the analyses.

Threats: Threats are activities that, by their location, intensity, or time in which they occur, generate stress (see next section) that affects elements of biodiversity. In total, the available data concerns 16 threats:

* Future conversion risk: Development of residential, industrial and commercial areas;
* Ski resorts;
* Future conversion risk: Annual agriculture (field crops);
* Sustainable agriculture;
* Quarries and sandpits;
* Roads;
* Total removal of forest cover;
* Partial removal of forest cover;
* Educational treatments;
* Motorized vehicles;
* Boating;
* Drainage in agricultural areas;
* Phragmites australis;
* Rhamnus cathartica;
* Increase in predation by mesopredators;
* Nutrient load.

# #Méthode for calculating the impact rating

* The method used to calculate the impact score is presented in the document Integrated Recovery Approach for Threatened or Vulnerable Species — Development of a New Tool for Conservation Planning.

* The results are presented using a map grid in which each 10 km x 10 km plot shows the cumulative impact of a threat on the occurrences present in this portion of territory. The cumulative impact is obtained by adding up the impact ratings of all the occurrences present within the plot. This accumulation makes it possible to identify, using a color code, the “hot spots” of a threat on occurrences. The absence of color indicates the absence of calculated or listed impacts on occurrences. The color gradient illustrates the variation in the cumulative impact of this threat on all occurrences in the plot, from the lowest score (yellow) to the highest (red).

* Each threat is presented on a separate layer, while an additional layer called “Threat Compilation” shows the sum of the threats over all the occurrences present in a plot. 

# #Quelle is standardized classification used for analysis?

The threats analyzed were defined according to the document Standardized Classification of Threats Affecting Biodiversity — Definitions for the Quebec Conservation Data Center (CDC) v1.0, published in 2021.**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**</gco:CharacterString>
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                  <gmd:LocalisedCharacterString locale="#fra">## Document d’information concernant les résultats de l’analyse des menaces
Ce document fournit des informations complémentaires permettant de mieux comprendre et utiliser les données sur les menaces produites dans le cadre de l’approche intégrée de rétablissement. Ces données mettent en relief les secteurs où les impacts des menaces sur les occurrences répertoriées par le [Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec (CDPNQ)](https://www.quebec.ca/gouvernement/gouvernement-ouvert/transparence-performance/indicateurs-statistiques/donnees-especes-situation-precaire) sont les plus importants.

##Quelles données figurent dans les analyses?
Les analyses visent les 67 éléments (espèces fauniques) suivants :

* Amphibiens : grenouille des marais, rainette faux-grillon boréale, rainette faux-grillon de l’Ouest, salamandre pourpre, pop. des Adirondacks et des Appalaches, salamandre sombre des montagnes, pop. des Appalaches, salamandre sombre du Nord, , salamandre à quatre orteils
* Insectes : satyre fauve des Maritimes
* Mammifères : belette pygmée, campagnol des rochers, campagnol sylvestre, campagnol-lemming de Cooper, chauve-souris nordique, chauve-souris pygmée de l’Est, musaraigne de Gaspé, musaraigne longicaude, petit polatouche, pop. des plaines des Grands Lacs, petite chauve-souris brune, pipistrelle de l’Est
* Oiseaux : aigle royal, arlequin plongeur, pop. de l’Est, bruant sauterelle pratensis, bécasseau maubèche rufa, faucon pèlerin anatum/tundrius, garrot d’Islande, pop. de l’Est, grive de Bicknell, grèbe esclavon, guifette noire, hibou des marais, hirondelle de rivage, martinet ramoneur, océanite cul-blanc, pop. de l’Atlantique, paruline azurée, paruline à ailes dorées, petit blongios, pluvier siffleur melodus, pygargue à tête blanche, râle jaune, sterne de Dougall
* Poissons : alose savoureuse, brochet maillé, brochet vermiculé, chat-fou des rapides, chevalier cuivré, chevalier de rivière, cisco de printemps, crapet du Nord, dard de sable, esturgeon jaune, esturgeon noir, fouille-roche gris, lamproie du Nord, méné d’herbe, méné laiton, omble chevalier oquassa, éperlan arc-en-ciel, pop. du sud de l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent
* Reptiles : couleuvre brune, couleuvre d’eau du Nord, couleuvre mince du Nord, couleuvre tachetée, couleuvre verte, couleuvre à collier du Nord, tortue des bois, tortue géographique, tortue mouchetée, tortue musquée, tortue-molle à épines

D’autres espèces, dont des espèces floristiques, pourraient s’ajouter aux analyses.

Menaces : Les menaces sont des activités qui, par leur emplacement, leur intensité ou le moment où elles surviennent, génèrent un stress (voir la section suivante) qui affecte les éléments de la biodiversité. Au total, les données disponibles concernent 16 menaces :

* Risque de conversion future : Développement des zones résidentielles, industrielles et commerciales;
* Stations de ski;
* Risque de conversion future : Agriculture de type annuelle (grandes cultures);
* Agriculture pérenne;
* Carrières et sablières;
* Routes;
* Retrait total du couvert forestier;
* Retrait partiel du couvert forestier;
* Traitements d’éducation;
* Véhicules motorisés;
* Navigation de plaisance;
* Drainage en milieu agricole;
* Phragmites australis;
* Rhamnus cathartica;
* Augmentation de la prédation par les mésoprédateurs;
* Charge de nutriments.

##Méthode de calcul de la cote d’impact

* La méthode utilisée pour le calcul de la cote d’impact est présentée dans le document Approche intégrée de rétablissement pour les espèces menacées ou vulnérables – Développement d’un nouvel outil pour la planification de la conservation.

* Les résultats sont présentés à l’aide d’une grille cartographique dans laquelle chaque parcelle de 10 km x 10 km montre l’impact cumulatif d’une menace sur les occurrences présentes dans cette portion de territoire. L’impact cumulatif est obtenu en additionnant les cotes d’impact de toutes les occurrences présentes à l’intérieur de la parcelle. Ce cumul permet d’identifier, à l’aide d’un code de couleurs, les « points chauds » d’une menace sur les occurrences. L’absence de couleur indique l’absence d’impacts calculés ou répertoriés sur les occurrences. Le gradient de couleur illustre la variation de l’impact cumulatif de cette menace sur l’ensemble des occurrences présentes dans la parcelle, de la cote la plus faible (jaune) à la plus élevée (rouge).

* Chaque menace est présentée sur une couche distincte, alors qu’une couche supplémentaire nommée « Compilation des menaces » présente la somme des menaces sur l’ensemble des occurrences présentes dans une parcelle. 

##Quelle classification standardisée est utilisée pour l’analyse?

Les menaces analysées ont été définies en fonction du document Classification standardisée des menaces affectant la biodiversité – Définitions pour le Centre de données sur la conservation (CDC) du Québec v1.0, publié en 2021.</gmd:LocalisedCharacterString>
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