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            <gco:CharacterString>This layer details Important Areas (IAs) relevant to coral, sponge, and reef-building species in the Pacific North Coast Integrated Management Area (PNCIMA). This data was mapped to inform the selection of marine Ecologically and Biologically Significant Areas (EBSA). Experts have indicated that these areas are relevant based upon their high ranking in one or more of three criteria (Uniqueness, Aggregation, and Fitness Consequences). The distribution of IAs within ecoregions is used in the designation of EBSAs.

Canada’s Oceans Act provides the legislative framework for an integrated ecosystem approach to management in Canadian oceans, particularly in areas considered ecologically or biologically significant. DFO has developed general guidance for the identification of ecologically or biologically significant areas. The criteria for defining such areas include uniqueness, aggregation, fitness consequences, resilience, and naturalness. This science advisory process identifies proposed EBSAs in Canadian Pacific marine waters, specifically in the Strait of Georgia (SOG), along the west coast of Vancouver Island (WCVI, southern shelf ecoregion), and in the Pacific North Coast Integrated Management Area (PNCIMA, northern shelf ecoregion).

Initial assessment of IAs in PNCIMA was carried out in September 2004 to March 2005 with spatial data collection coordinated by Cathryn Clarke. Subsequent efforts in WCVI and SOG were conducted in 2009, and may have used different scientific advisors, temporal extents, data, and assessment methods. WCVI and SOG IA assessment in some cases revisits data collected for PNCIMA, but should be treated as a separate effort.

Other datasets in this series detail IAs for birds, cetaceans, fish, geographic features, invertebrates, and other vertebrates.

Though data collection is considered complete, the emergence of significant new data may merit revisiting of IAs on a case by case basis.</gco:CharacterString>
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                  <gmd:LocalisedCharacterString locale="#fra">Cette couche de données présente en détail les zones importantes (ZI) pour les principales espèces de coraux, d’éponges et d’organismes hermatypiques dans la zone de gestion intégrée de la côte nord du Pacifique (ZGICNP). Ces données ont été cartographiées afin d’éclairer la sélection des zones marines d’importance écologique et biologique (ZIEB). Les experts ont indiqué que ces zones sont pertinentes en raison de leur classement élevé par rapport à l’un ou plusieurs des trois critères suivants : unicité, concentration et conséquences sur la valeur adaptative. La répartition des ZI au sein des écorégions est utilisée pour la désignation des ZIEB.

La Loi sur les océans du Canada offre un cadre législatif pour la gestion des océans canadiens selon une approche complète des écosystèmes, en particulier dans les zones considérées comme importantes sur le plan écologique ou biologique. Pêches et Océans Canada (MPO) a élaboré des directives pour la désignation des zones d'importance écologique et biologique (ZIEB). Les critères servant à définir ces zones comprennent l'unicité, la concentration, les conséquences sur le succès reproducteur, la résilience et le caractère naturel. Le présent processus de consultation scientifique expose les propositions de zones d'importance écologique et biologique (ZIEB) dans les eaux marines dans la région canadienne du Pacifique, en particulier dans le détroit de Georgia, le long de la côte ouest de l'île de Vancouver (écorégion du plateau sud), et dans la zone de gestion intégrée de la côte nord du Pacifique (ZGICNP) (écorégion du plateau nord).

La première évaluation des ZI dans la ZGICNP s’est déroulée de septembre 2004 à mars 2005. Cathryn Clarke a coordonné la collecte des données spatiales. D’autres travaux ont été réalisés sur la côte ouest de l’île de Vancouver (COIV) et dans le détroit de Georgia (DG) en 2009 et il se peut qu’on ait eu recours à des conseillers scientifiques, des étendues temporelles, des données et des méthodes d’évaluation différents. Dans certains cas, l’évaluation des ZI sur la COIV et dans le DG permet de réviser les données recueillies au sujet de la ZGICNP; elle doit alors être traitée comme une activité distincte.

D’autres ensembles de données de cette série présentent en détail les ZI pour les oiseaux, les cétacés, les poissons, les caractéristiques géographiques, les invertébrés et les autres vertébrés.

Bien que la collecte de données soit considérée comme terminée, l’émergence de nouvelles données importantes peut justifier une révision des ZI au cas par cas.</gmd:LocalisedCharacterString>
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            <gco:CharacterString>Researchers with expertise for key sponge and coral taxa drew polygons on paper map to denote Important Areas for species that met a priori criteria. The experts' hand-drawn polygons were heads-up digitized using ArcView 3.2 on the 50,000 Canadian Hydrographic Service (CHS) coastline watershed basemap. Hand-drawn polygons were clipped using the PNCIMA boundary polygon provided by OHEB-GIS unit. The layers of individual experts were shared among all the experts for the species grouping. Experts were asked to provide confirmation and to check for accuracy and completeness. Any changes requested by the experts were performed and again returned to the experts for vetting.

The original HEB layer “NRCan Spongereefs” was compared to the most recent published reports of sponge reef locations in B.C. A field was added where arbitrary numbers were assigned to each of the sponge reef geographical groupings in order to remove the line work dividing the reefs into bioherms and biostromes to produce the sponge reefs layer.

Jeff Ardron performed density analysis on the coral and sponge bycatch data from the DFO observer database 1996-2002. Density analysis used 10 km kernel (decay). The twelve areas of concentration found during the analysis were presented in Ardron and Jamieson (2006). This data was provided to the Department of Fisheries and Oceans and was subsequently clipped to the PNCIMA boundary by Cathryn Clarke (Feb 4, 2005), and the IA project schema was applied to produce the bycatch layer.

The experts consulted were: Jeff Ardron (coral and sponge bycatch) and Jeff Marliave (sponge reefs, cloud sponge).

The dataset was updated in 2019 to conform to MSEA's GIS Hub publication standards. The PNCIMA IA data series was split into taxonomic themes (birds, cetaceans, coral and sponges, fish, geographic features, invertebrates, and other vertebrates). The Check Geometry tool was used to validate each layer.

This package also includes project documentation and tech reports relevant to the IA process and its role within the selection of EBSAs.</gco:CharacterString>
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                  <gmd:LocalisedCharacterString locale="#fra">Les chercheurs spécialisés dans les principaux taxons d’éponges et de coraux ont dessiné des polygones sur la carte papier pour indiquer les zones importantes pour les espèces qui répondaient aux critères a priori. Les polygones dessinés à la main par les experts ont été numérisés à l’aide d’ArcView 3.2 sur la carte de référence des bassins hydrographiques côtiers du Service hydrographique du Canada (SHC) (échelle 1:50 000). Les polygones dessinés à la main ont été découpés en utilisant le polygone de délimitation de la zone de gestion intégrée de la côte nord du Pacifique (ZGICNP) fourni par l’unité SIG de la DOHMV. Les couches fournies par chaque expert ont été partagées entre tous les experts pour le groupe d’espèces. Il a été demandé aux experts de fournir une confirmation et de vérifier l’exactitude et l’exhaustivité. Toutes les modifications demandées par les experts ont été effectuées et renvoyées aux experts aux fins d’approbation.

La couche de données de la DHMV originale « récifs d’éponges de RNCan » a été comparée aux plus récents rapports publiés sur les emplacements des récifs d’éponges en Colombie-Britannique. Un champ a été ajouté où des nombres arbitraires ont été assignés à chacun des groupements géographiques de récifs d’éponges afin d’enlever le travail de ligne divisant les récifs en biohermes et biostromes pour produire la couche de données sur les récifs d’éponges.

Jeff Ardron a effectué une analyse de densité sur les données de prises accessoires de coraux et d’éponges provenant de la base de données des observateurs du MPO pour la période 1996-2002. L’analyse de densité a utilisé un noyau de 10 km (décroissance). Les douze domaines de concentration trouvés au cours de l’analyse ont été présentés dans le document d’Ardron et Jamieson (2006). Ces données ont été fournies à Pêches et Océans Canada et ont ensuite été découpées à la limite de la ZGICNP par Cathryn Clarke (4 février 2005); par ailleurs, le schéma du projet de ZI a été appliqué pour produire la couche de données relatives aux prises accessoires.

Les experts consultés étaient: Jeff Ardron (prises accessoires de coraux et d’éponges) et Jeff Marliave (récifs d’éponges, éponge moutonnée).

L’ensemble de données a été mis à jour en 2019 pour se conformer aux normes de publication du centre SIG de la section de l’écologie spatiale marine et de l’analyse (ESMA). La série de données sur les ZI de la ZGICNP a été divisée en thèmes taxonomiques (oiseaux, cétacés, coraux et éponges, poissons, caractéristiques géographiques, invertébrés et autres vertébrés). L’outil Check Geometry a été utilisé pour valider chaque couche.

Cette trousse comprend également la documentation du projet et les rapports techniques relatifs au processus de ZI et à son rôle dans la sélection des ZIEB.</gmd:LocalisedCharacterString>
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