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            <gco:CharacterString xmlns:gco="http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gco">## #Mise in custody and data use limits:

* ** The report by Lesmerises and St-Laurent (2018) must be cited when using this file (see Literature section) . **
* The distribution area of the mountain caribou population in Gaspésie in this file represents the state of knowledge on the use of land by mountain caribou between 1988 and 2016. 
* Information on the distribution of the local population does not make it possible to establish with certainty that caribou are absent in territories outside this range. 
* The range is subject to change, depending on new telemetry data that will be acquired, as our local knowledge is refined, and as caribou land use patterns change. 

## #Description of the distribution area of the local woodland caribou population, mountain ecotype, Gaspésie population

The data represent the distribution area of woodland caribou, mountain ecotype, population of Gaspésie (hereinafter mountain caribou of Gaspésie).

The file contains the polygon and the name assigned to the population, the period covered by the telemetry data used during the delimitation exercise, and the date of the last update. The information contained in the file of occurrences of species in a precarious situation of the Quebec Natural Heritage Data Center (CDPNQ) is also present in the file (CDPNQ occurrence number, French, English and scientific name of the species, the type of occurrence, the rank of precariousness (rank S) and the status under the Act Respecting Threatened or Vulnerable Species, see MELCCFP 2023 for a description of these fields.).

## #Contexte of the publication

The Ministry of the Environment, the Fight against Climate Change, Wildlife and Parks (hereinafter MELCCFP) is responsible for the monitoring and management of mountain caribou in Gaspésie (Government of Quebec, 2021 a, b). The local population has been identified as the appropriate monitoring and management scale for this species since each population may face different threats depending on the habitat and socio-economic context in which it is found (Environment Canada, 2008). The local population is defined as a group of caribou occupying a defined territory that is spatially distinct from the territories occupied by other caribou groups. The dynamics of the local population are determined primarily by local factors influencing birth and mortality rates, rather than by the contributions or losses resulting from immigration or emigration between groups. As a result, the distribution area of the local population of mountain caribou in Gaspésie is defined as the geographic area where a group of individuals exposed to similar factors influencing their demographics live and which meets the needs of their life cycle during a given period of time (e.g. calving, rutting, wintering).

In 2018, Lesmerises and St-Laurent produced the report *Influence of the rate of habitat disturbance, regional coyote abundance, and predator control on the demographic parameters of the Gaspesia-Atlantic caribou population* report presented to the Canadian Wildlife Service (Environment Canada). One of the objectives of the report was to delineate the range of this population. The MELCCFP uses the distribution area delimited by Lesmerises and St-Laurent (2018) as part of the monitoring and management of mountain caribou in Gaspésie. For any questions related to the Lesmerises and St-Laurent report (2018), please contact Mr. St-Laurent ([Martin-hugues_St-laurent@uqar.ca] (mailto: Martin-hugues_St-laurent@uqar.ca)).

## #Méthodologie in a nutshell

The methodology presented here is a summary of that described in Lesmerises and St-Laurent (2018).

Telemetry data from three follow-ups carried out during different periods of time were used (1988-1991, 1998-2008 and 2013-2016). The caribou were equipped with VHF collars during the first two follow-ups. Aerial flights were carried out at various times in order to locate the caribou. During the follow-up from 2013 to 2016, the caribou were equipped with GPS/Argos collars programmed to acquire locations every 2 or 3 hours depending on the collar model used. The range of the mountain caribou population in Gaspésie was defined by estimating a minimum convex polygon comprising 99% of telemetry locations plus a 10 km buffer zone. Finally, the parts superimposed on the St. Lawrence River were removed.

## #Littérature

Environment Canada. 2008. Scientific review for the identification of critical habitat for the boreal population of woodland caribou (*Rangifer tarandus caribou*) in Canada. August 2008. Ottawa: Environment Canada. 80 pp. + 192 pp. appendices.

Government of Quebec. 2021 a. Monitoring system for forest caribou populations in Quebec and mountain caribou in Gaspésie 2020-2031: summary document, Ministry of Forests, Wildlife and Parks, Directorate of Expertise on Terrestrial Wildlife, Herpetofauna and Avifauna, 16 pp.

Government of Quebec. 2021 b. Literature review on the factors involved in the decline of forest caribou populations in Quebec and mountain caribou in Gaspésie, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Direction of expertise on terrestrial fauna, herpetofauna and avifauna, 244 pp. + 15p. appendices

Lesmerises, F. and M.-H. St-Laurent. 2018. Influence of the rate of habitat disturbance, regional coyote abundance, and predator control on the demographic parameters of the caribou population in Gaspesia-Atlantique. Scientific report submitted to Environment Canada — Canadian Wildlife Service, Rimouski (Quebec). 22 pp. + 8 appendices.

Ministry of the Environment, the Fight against Climate Change, Wildlife and Parks (MELCCFP). 2023. The Quebec Natural Heritage Data Center — Information document, Government of Quebec, Quebec, 32 pp.**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**</gco:CharacterString>
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                  <gmd:LocalisedCharacterString locale="#fra">###Mise en garde et limites d’utilisation des données :

* ** Le rapport de Lesmerises et St-Laurent (2018) doit être cité lors de l’utilisation de ce fichier (voir section Littérature). **
* L’aire de répartition de la population de caribous montagnards de la Gaspésie dans ce fichier représente l’état des connaissances sur l’utilisation du territoire par le caribou montagnard entre 1988 et 2016. 
* L’information sur l’aire de répartition de la population locale ne permet pas d’établir avec certitude que le caribou est absent sur les territoires à l’extérieur de cette aire de répartition. 
* L’aire de répartition est sujette à changer, en fonction des nouvelles données télémétriques qui seront acquises, du raffinement de nos connaissances locales et des modifications des patrons d’utilisation du territoire par les caribous. 

###Description de l’aire de répartition de la population locale de caribous des bois, écotype montagnard, population de la Gaspésie

Les données représentent l’aire de répartition du caribou des bois, écotype montagnard, population de la Gaspésie (ci-après caribou montagnard de la Gaspésie).

Le fichier contient le polygone et le nom attribué à la population, la période couverte par les données télémétriques utilisées lors de l’exercice de délimitation ainsi que la date de la dernière mise à jour. Les informations contenues dans le fichier d’occurrences d’espèces en situation précaire du Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec (CDPNQ) sont également présentes dans le fichier (numéro de l’occurrence CDPNQ, nom français, anglais et scientifique de l’espèce, le type d’occurrence, le rang de précarité (rang S) et le statut en vertu de la Loi sur les espèces menacées ou vulnérables, voir MELCCFP 2023 pour une description des ces champs).

###Contexte de la publication

Le Ministère de l’Environnement, de la Lutte contre les changements climatiques, de la Faune et des Parcs (ci-après MELCCFP) est responsable du suivi et de la gestion des caribous montagnards de la Gaspésie (Gouvernement du Québec, 2021 a, b). La population locale a été identifiée comme l’échelle de suivi et de gestion adéquate pour cette espèce étant donné que chaque population peut faire face à des menaces différentes selon l’habitat et le contexte socio-économique dans lesquels elle se trouve (Environnement Canada, 2008). La population locale se définit comme un groupe de caribous occupant un territoire défini se distinguant spatialement des territoires occupés par les autres groupes de caribous. La dynamique de la population locale est déterminée avant tout par les facteurs locaux influençant les taux de naissance et de mortalité, plutôt que par les apports ou les pertes découlant de l'immigration ou de l'émigration entre les groupes. De ce fait, l’aire de répartition de la population locale de caribou montagnard de la Gaspésie se définit comme la zone géographique où vit un groupe d'individus exposés à des facteurs similaires influençant leur démographie et qui satisfait aux besoins de leur cycle vital au cours d'une période donnée (p. ex. mise bas, rut, hivernage).

En 2018, Lesmerises et St-Laurent ont produit le rapport *Influence du taux de perturbation de l’habitat, de l’abondance régionale de coyote et du contrôle des prédateurs sur les paramètres démographiques de la population de caribous de la Gaspésie-Atlantique* présenté au Service Canadien de la Faune (Environnement Canada). Un des objectifs du rapport était de délimiter l’aire de répartition de cette population. Le MELCCFP utilise l’aire de répartition délimitée par Lesmerises et St-Laurent (2018) dans le cadre du suivi et de la gestion des caribous montagnards de la Gaspésie. Pour tous questionnements en lien avec le rapport de Lesmerises et St-Laurent (2018), veuillez communiquer avec M. St-Laurent ([Martin-hugues_St-laurent@uqar.ca](mailto:Martin-hugues_St-laurent@uqar.ca)).

###Méthodologie en bref

La méthodologie ci-présente est un résumé de celle décrite dans Lesmerises et St-Laurent (2018).

Les données télémétriques provenant de trois suivis effectués pendant différentes périodes ont été utilisées (1988-1991, 1998-2008 et 2013-2016). Les caribous ont été équipés de colliers VHF lors des deux premiers suivis. Des survols aériens ont été réalisés à différents moments afin de localiser les caribous. Pendant le suivi de 2013 à 2016, les caribous étaient munis de collier GPS/Argos programmés pour acquérir des localisations aux 2 ou 3 heures selon le modèle de collier utilisé. L’aire de répartition de la population de caribous montagnards de la Gaspésie a été définie en estimant un polygone convexe minimal comprenant 99 % des localisations télémétriques auquel s’ajoute une zone tampon de 10 km. Finalement, les parties se superposant au fleuve Saint-Laurent ont été retirées.

###Littérature

Environnement Canada. 2008. Examen scientifique aux fins de la désignation de l'habitat essentiel de la population boréale du caribou des bois (*Rangifer tarandus caribou*) au Canada. Août 2008. Ottawa: Environnement Canada. 80 p. + 192 p. annexes.

Gouvernement du Québec. 2021 a. Système de suivi des populations de caribous forestiers au Québec et des caribous montagnards de la Gaspésie 2020-2031 : document synthèse, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Direction de l’expertise sur la faune terrestre, l’herpétofaune et l’avifaune, 16 p.

Gouvernement du Québec. 2021 b. Revue de littérature sur les facteurs impliqués dans le déclin des populations de caribous forestiers au Québec et de caribous montagnards de la Gaspésie, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Direction de l’expertise sur la faune terrestre, l’herpétofaune et l’avifaune, 244 p. + 15p. annexes

Lesmerises, F. et M.-H. St-Laurent. 2018. Influence du taux de perturbation de l’habitat, de l’abondance régionale de coyote et du contrôle des prédateurs sur les paramètres démographiques de la population de caribous de la Gaspésie-Atlantique. Rapport scientifique présenté à Environnement Canada – Service Canadien de la Faune, Rimouski (Québec). 22 p. + 8 annexes.

Ministère de l’Environnement, de la Lutte contre les Changements Climatiques, de la Faune et des Parcs (MELCCFP). 2023. Le Centre de données sur le patrimoine naturel du Québec – Document d’information, gouvernement du Québec, Québec, 32 p.</gmd:LocalisedCharacterString>
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