Annual Tree Species (1984-2022)

In this dataset, we share maps of annual dominant tree species (also known as leading tree species) from 1984-2022 covering the entirety of Canada's 650 Mha forested ecosystems using Landsat time-series imagery at a 30-m spatial resolution. It is developed within the framework of Canada’s National Terrestrial Ecosystem Monitoring System (NTEMS). Classifications are based on regionally representative Random Forests model using local training samples from Canada's National Forest Inventory (Hermosilla et al., 2024). Descriptive metrics provide information on spectral, geographic, climatic, and topographic characteristics. Initial annual tree species classifications were subjected to a time series post-classification process using the forward-backward Hidden Markov Model to improve the temporal consistency of tree species transitions within the time series. Assessment of the annual species maps using independent validation data resulted in an overall accuracy of 86.1% ± 0.14% (95%-confidence interval). These data allow consistent comparison of trends and rates of change in tree species composition nationally and across regions using a common time frame, spatial resolution, and analytical approach.

Hermosilla, T., Wulder, M.A., White, J.C., Coops, N.C., Bater, C.W., Hobart, G.W., 2024. Characterizing long-term tree species dynamics in Canada's forested ecosystems using annual time series remote sensing data. Forest Ecology and Management, 122313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2024.122313 (Hermosilla et al. 2024)

Date ( RI_367 ): 2023

Date ( RI_366 ): 2023

RI_415

Government of Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Forest Geomatics - Dr. M.A.Wulder ( Research Scientist )

506 Burnside Road West , Victoria , British Columbia , V8R 2E4 , Canada

(250) 363-0600
(250) 363-6004
https://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/employes/vue/mwulder

Hours of service: email only please

Status: onGoing; enContinue RI_596

Maintenance and update frequency: asNeeded; auBesoin RI_540

Keywords

National Terrestrial Ecosystem Monitoring System (NTEMS)

Government of Canada Core Subject Thesaurus Thésaurus des sujets de base du gouvernement du Canada ( RI_528 )

Forests

Use limitation: Open Government Licence - Canada (http://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada)

Access constraints: otherRestrictions; autresRestrictions RI_609

Use constraints: intellectualPropertyRights; droitsPropriétéIntellectuelle RI_607

Spatial representation type: grid; grille RI_636

Metadata language: eng

Topic category

Geoscientific information

Begin date: 1984

End date: 2022

Reference system identifier: http://www.epsg-registry.org / EPSG:3978 / 1.0

Distribution format

GeoTIF ( 1.0 )

RI_409

Government of Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Forest Geomatics - Brian Low ( Manager, National Forest Information System )

506 Burnside Road West , Victoria , British Columbia , V8R 2E4 , Canada

(250) 363-0600
(250) 363-6004
https://ca.nfis.org/index_eng.html

Hours of service: email only please

OnLine resource: Satellite Forest Information for Canada (English) ( HTTPS )
Application;HTML;eng

OnLine resource: CA_Forest_Tree_Species_2022 ( OGC:WMS )
Web Service;WMS;eng

OnLine resource: Satellite Forest Information for Canada (French) ( HTTPS )
Application;HTML;fra

OnLine resource: A nationwide annual characterization of 25 years of forest disturbance and recovery for Canada using Landsat time series ( HTTP )
Supporting Document;HTML;eng

OnLine resource: CA_Forest_Tree_Species_2022 ( OGC:WMS )
Web Service;WMS;fra

OnLine resource: CA_Tree_Species_Classification_1984.zip ( HTTPS )
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OnLine resource: CA_Tree_Species_Classification_2010.zip ( HTTPS )
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OnLine resource: CA_Tree_Species_Classification_2018.zip ( HTTPS )
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OnLine resource: CA_Tree_Species_Classification_2019.zip ( HTTPS )
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OnLine resource: CA_Tree_Species_Classification_2020.zip ( HTTPS )
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OnLine resource: CA_Tree_Species_Classification_2021.zip ( HTTPS )
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OnLine resource: CA_Tree_Species_Classification_2022.zip ( HTTPS )
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OnLine resource: Characterizing long-term tree species dynamics in Canada’s forested ecosystems using annual time series remote sensing data ( HTTPS )
Supporting Document;PDF;eng

File identifier: 5b7e41cd-6be6-423f-aed1-0a26a82d75c5 XML

Metadata language: eng; CAN

Character set: utf8; utf8 RI_458

Hierarchy level: dataset; jeuDonnées RI_622

Date stamp: 2026-02-19T15:53:26

Metadata standard name: North American Profile of ISO 19115:2003 - Geographic information - Metadata

Metadata standard version: CAN/CGSB-171.100-2009

RI_415

Government of Canada; Natural Resources Canada; Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre, Forest Geomatics - Dr. M. A. Wulder ( Research Scientist )

506 West Burnside Road , Victoria , British Columbia , V8R 2E4 , Canada

(250) 363-0600
(250) 363-6004
https://cfs.nrcan.gc.ca/employes/vue/mwulder

Hours of service: email only please

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