This dataset uses RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite images to identify open water regions within ice-covered rivers during winter, with the aim to assess hydrokinetic resources near remote communities reliant on diesel fuel for electricity generation. The data is processed with the HyRASS, a machine learning-based SAR image processing and classification algorithm. Disclaimer: This dataset was designed to identify open water regions within ice-covered rivers for assessing hydrokinetic resources near remote communities reliant on diesel fuel for electricity generation and is subject to the following limitations: • This dataset was derived from RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite images. While these images are generally reliable, they are subject to inherent limitations, including resolution constraints, potential distortion, and occasional inaccuracies in real-time conditions capture. • The HyRASS algorithm is designed to pinpoint open water areas using satellite images, with a particular emphasis on RCM quad polarization (QP) imagery. This specialization means that its effectiveness depends on the accessibility of this specific type of imagery. Consequently, the data it produces might not cover a broad spectrum of time periods. For more reliable results, it's essential to classify areas more regularly, ensuring that detected open water regions are consistent over time. This dataset is intended for preliminary assessment and should not be the sole basis for making critical decisions or investments related to hydrokinetic energy projects. Further validation and in-depth analysis are strongly recommended, and users should conduct their own due diligence and additional research to verify the data accuracy and relevance for specific applications. By accessing and using this dataset, users acknowledge and accept these disclaimers. The providers of this dataset explicitly absolve themselves of any responsibility or liability for any consequences arising from the use, reliance upon, or interpretation of this dataset. Users are advised that their use of the dataset is at their own risk, and they assume full responsibility for any actions or decisions made based on the information contained therein. This disclaimer is in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and by accessing or utilizing the dataset, users agree to release the providers of this dataset from any legal claims, damages, or liabilities that may arise from such use.

This product provides the boundaries for the 25 drainage regions in Canada and the five ocean drainage areas. These drainage regions cover all of the area within the coastal boundaries of Canada. These files were produced by Statistics Canada, Environment, Energy and Transportation Statistics Division, 2009, special tabulation of data from Pearse, P.H., F. Bertrand and J.W. MacLaren, 1985, Currents of Change: Final Report of the Inquiry on Federal Water Policy, Environment Canada, Ottawa.

Le produit fournit les limites de 25 aires de drainage du Canada et de cinq aires de drainage océaniques. Ces aires de drainage couvrent toute la zone à l’intérieur des limites côtières du Canada. Ces fichiers ont été produits par Statistique Canada, Division de la statistique de l'environnement, de l'énergie et des transports, 2009, totalisation spéciale provenant de P.H. Pearse, F. Bertrand et J.W. MacLaren, 1985, Vers un renouveau : Rapport définitif de L'Enquête sur la politique fédérale des eaux, Environnement Canada, Ottawa.

Le produit fournit les limites de 25 aires de drainage du Canada et de cinq aires de drainage océaniques. Ces aires de drainage couvrent toute la zone à l’intérieur des limites côtières du Canada. Ces fichiers ont été produits par Statistique Canada, Division de la statistique de l'environnement, de l'énergie et des transports, 2009, totalisation spéciale provenant de P.H. Pearse, F. Bertrand et J.W. MacLaren, 1985, Vers un renouveau : Rapport définitif de L'Enquête sur la politique fédérale des eaux, Environnement Canada, Ottawa.

This dataset comprises a map of inland water bodies in Canada and neighboring regions, as described by Ghayourmanesh et al. (2024). The data are mapped using the Lambert Conformal Conic (LCC) geographic projection with a spatial resolution of 250 meters. The LCC projection is frequently used as a standard projection at the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (CCRS) (Trishchenko et al., 2016, Trishchenko, 2019). Each pixel value represents a code describing either the probability of inland water presence or land/ocean(sea) mask

Building on the initial effort (“Database of Open Water Areas in River Ice for Provinces of Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and the Maritimes - Potential Locations For River Hydrokinetic Energy Extraction Identified Through Optical Satellite Imager”; weblink: https://search.open.canada.ca/openmap/d9823004-29aa-40e2-aa47-9c54cf88c309), a follow-up research project has led to the publication of this extensive analysis encompassing the entirety of Canada’s major freezing rivers. This work has applied advanced image processing and classification algorithms to the selected images, elevating the classification and analysis to a higher level of accuracy and providing a more comprehensive dataset for exploring river hydrokinetic energy prospects across the country. This dataset identifies open water areas within ice-covered major Canadian rivers, aiming to evaluate potential hydrokinetic resources. The data is derived from high-resolution optical satellite imagery obtained from Landsat and Sentinel satellites corresponding to National Research Council (NRC) 2014 flow data of river reaches with water depths of at least 10 meters and a flow velocity of a minimum of 0.5 meters per second. Using advanced image processing and machine learning algorithms, the dataset efficiently differentiates between ice-covered and open water regions, providing a reliable basis for assessing hydrokinetic energy potential in the identified areas. Disclaimer: This dataset is subject to the following limitations: • Landsat and Sentinel optical satellite images are high-resolution, but they may contain resolution errors, possible distortions, and inaccuracies in depicting on-ground conditions. • Despite advanced image processing and machine learning algorithms, errors or biases may exist. • The dataset's reliability is also influenced by the NRC flow data. Therefore, users should view this dataset as a preliminary assessment tool, not a definitive guide for decision-making or investment in hydrokinetic projects. It is strongly recommended to validate its accuracy and suitability for specific applications through additional research and studies. By accessing and using this dataset, users acknowledge and accept these disclaimers. The providers of this dataset explicitly absolve themselves of any responsibility or liability for any consequences arising from the use, reliance upon, or interpretation of this dataset. Users are advised that their use of the dataset is at their own risk, and they assume full responsibility for any actions or decisions made based on the information contained therein. This disclaimer is in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and by accessing or utilizing the dataset, users agree to release the providers of this dataset from any legal claims, damages, or liabilities that may arise from such use.

Locations of open water within river ice in Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and the Maritimes were discerned manually using publicly accessible optical satellite images spanning from 2013 to 2020. This initial effort has led to a dataset pinpointing potential sites for river hydrokinetic energy initiatives. A more comprehensive dataset encompassing the entirety of Canada’s major freezing rivers has also been developed entitled “Hydrokinetic Resource Mapping - Optical Satellite Imagery Analysis of Open Water Regions in Ice-Covered Canadian Rivers” and is available at (https://search.open.canada.ca/openmap/61b4e576-9f3a-49a1-9546-b29be14787a4). Disclaimer: The identification of open water locations within river ice in Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, and the Maritimes, as described, was conducted manually through the analysis of publicly available optical satellite images. This dataset is subject to the following limitations: 1- The manual identification method may introduce potential human error and subjectivity within the dataset. 2- The publicly accessible satellite images employed may not provide fully comprehensive or entirely accurate representations of the actual conditions in the identified locations due to image resolution constraints, cloud cover, or atmospheric interference. This dataset is intended for preliminary assessment and should not be the sole basis for making critical decisions or investments related to hydrokinetic energy projects. Further validation and in-depth analysis are strongly recommended, and users should conduct their own due diligence and additional research to verify the data accuracy and relevance for specific applications. By accessing and using this dataset, users acknowledge and accept these disclaimers. The providers of this dataset explicitly absolve themselves of any responsibility or liability for any consequences arising from the use, reliance upon, or interpretation of this dataset. Users are advised that their use of the dataset is at their own risk, and they assume full responsibility for any actions or decisions made based on the information contained therein. This disclaimer is in accordance with applicable laws and regulations, and by accessing or utilizing the dataset, users agree to release the providers of this dataset from any legal claims, damages, or liabilities that may arise from such use.

Water temperature and water level are significant environmental factors affecting ecology of anadromous fish. Large-scale freshwater monitoring networks remain sparse, yet environmental protocols rely heavily on water temperature and water levels to assist decision making on river closures. Our river monitoring project in Newfoundland and Labrador provides river water temperature and river water level for salmon rivers across the province. 72 temperature loggers are deployed across 24 river systems in Newfoundland and Labrador. Temperature loggers are deployed in approximately 30 cm of water and remain in river year-round. Loggers consist of Onset level loggers, tidbit loggers, and pendants or Innovasea minilogs. Some loggers are deployed in duplicate at locations to provide data redundancy in event of equipment loss or failure. Equipment is monitored throughout the season to ensure proper placement in water columns, with downloads taking place during monitoring trips.

PURPOSE: Estimation of Atlantic salmon smolt abundance in the Restigouche watershed. DESCRIPTION: Each spring (May-June), DFO installs a Rotary Screw Trap (RST; smolt wheel) on the Kedgwick river, a tributary of the Restigouche River. The number of individuals of each species of fish caught in the trap is recorded, and length and weight are measured for a portion of Atlantic salmon smolts captured. All Atlantic salmon smolts captured in the RST are tagged with uniquely-numbered polyethylene streamer tags and released upstream of the trap with the intention of using their rate of recapture to estimate the efficiency of the trap and the abundance of smolts (Capture-Mark-Recapture experiment). PARAMETERS COLLECTED: species counts (ecological); point (spatial); capture-mark-recapture data for Atlantic salmon smolts (ecological) NOTES ON QUALITY CONTROL: The data is stored in a relational database and therefore benefits from referential integrity between tables and observations. The database also defines data types for columns of the tables, ensuring a degree of consistency across observations. The field data sheets are also entered into a web app which provides an additional layer of quality control. USE LIMITATION: To ensure scientific integrity and appropriate use of the data, we would encourage you to contact the data custodian.

The Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators (CESI) program provides data and information to track Canada's performance on key environmental sustainability issues. The Water quality in Canadian rivers indicators provide a measure of the ability of river water across Canada to support plants and animals. At each monitoring site, water quality data are compared to water quality guidelines to create a rating for the site. If measured water quality is below the guidelines, it can maintain a healthy ecosystem. Water quality at a monitoring site is considered excellent when substances in a river are very rarely measured above their guidelines. Conversely, water quality is rated poor when measurements are usually above their guidelines, sometimes by a wide margin. These indicators provide information about the state of surface water quality and its change through time, to support water resource management. Information is provided to Canadians in a number of formats including: static and interactive maps, charts and graphs, HTML and CSV data tables and downloadable reports. See the supplementary documentation for the data sources and details on how the data were collected and how the indicator was calculated. Canadian Environmental Sustainability Indicators - Home page: https://www.canada.ca/environmental-indicators