__The link: *Access the data directory* is available in the section*Dataset Description Sheets; Additional Information*__. The third edition of the [*Small forest flora of Quebec (MRNF, 2023) *] (https://boutique.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/recherche/Petite%20flore%20foresti%C3%A8re) presents the distribution maps of 298 species of trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants, bryophytes and lichens that grow in Quebec forests. The AIRES_REPARTITION_PFFQ database is the product resulting from the vectorization of each of the distribution areas presented in Little Flora. It thus allows the consultation of these areas in a geographic information system. The ranges are grouped into a single feature class where the main range of each species is bounded by one or more polygons. The location of isolated populations, located outside the main range of a species, is indicated very generally by circles 30 km in diameter.**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**

The characterization of shoreline strips was carried out on 400 km of agricultural watercourses for the territory of 5 MRCs in Montérégie (Beauharnois-Salaberry, Haut-Richelieu, Jardins-de-Napierville, Jardins-de-Napierville, Marguerite-d'Youville, Vallée-du-Richelieu). The results obtained by photo-interpretation, based on the width of the sections of shoreline strips calculated from the high-water line and the embankment, were aggregated to produce global results by municipality. The project was carried out as part of the Regional Program for the Acquisition of Data on Wetlands and Water Environments (PRADMHH) and was funded by the Regions and Rurality Fund (FRR) of the Montérégie regional department of the MAMH. Criteria used to characterize the conformity of shoreline strips. Riparian compliance (Criteria used according to the width of the shoreline) Non-compliant (The non-compliant shoreline has a total width of less than 3 meters) Almost compliant (The nearly-compliant shoreline has a total width of 3 meters or more, but a width of less than one meter on the embankment) Compliant (The compliant shoreline has a total width of three meters or more and a width of a minimum of one meter on the embankment) Exceptional (The exceptional shoreline has a total width of 5 meters or more and a width of 3 meters (or more from the embankment)**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**

Map of the proportion of individuals (15 years and over) without an educational certificate, diploma or degree in Official Language Minority Communities. Refers to the individual's educational attainment or highest certificate, diploma or degree obtained by the person. The data used is based on the 2016 Census of Canada, 25% sample, the universe is the population 15 years and over.

Layer that includes the known information on the atlantic sturgeon breeding, feeding and concentration areas in the St. Lawrence River and Estuary according to a literature review of documents produced between 1993 and 2003. Additional Information Atlantic sturgeon's breeding, feeding and concentration areas were produced according to a literature review of the following documents: Communication personnelle par Hatin. D. 2003. Gagnon, M., Y. Ménard et J.-F. La Rue. 1993. Caractérisation et évaluation des habitats du poisson dans la zone de transition saline du Saint-Laurent. Rapp. tech. can. sci. halieut. aquat. 1920: viii + 104 p. Hatin. D., F. Caron et R. Fortin. 1999. Rapport d'opération : Déplacement et caractérisation du stock reproducteur d'esturgeon noir (Acipenser oxyrinchus) dans l'estuaire du fleuve Saint-Laurent. Faune et Parcs Québec, Direction de la faune et des habitats. 91 p. Hatin, D. et F. Caron. 2002. Déplacement et caractéristiques des esturgeons noirs (Acipencer oxyrinchus) adultes dans l'estuaire du fleuve Saint-Laurent en 1998 et 1999. Société de la Faune et des Parcs du Québec, Direction de la recherche sur la faune. 151 p. Naturam Environnement. 1995. Les possibilités de fraie de l'esturgeon noir dans l'estuaire de la rivière Manicouagan. Rapport présenté au Comité ZIP et à la Corporation d'amélioration et de protection de l'environnement (CAPE). Dossier 95-869. 75 p. Therrien, J. 1998. Rapport sur la situation de l'esturgeon noir (Acipenser oxyrinchus) au Québec. Ministère de l'Environnement et de la Faune, Direction de la faune et des habitats, Service de la faune aquatique. 45 p. Société de la Faune et des Parcs du Québec. 2000. Atlas des habitats critiques connus ou d'intérêt particulier pour les poissons du fleuve Saint-Laurent entre le port de Montréal et l'Île aux Coudres. Direction du développement de la faune. Trencia, G. Communication personnelle.

A global decline in seagrass populations has led to renewed calls for their conservation as important providers of biogenic and foraging habitat, shoreline stabilization, and carbon storage. Eelgrass (Zostera marina) occupies the largest geographic range among seagrass species spanning a commensurately broad spectrum of environmental conditions. In Canada, eelgrass is managed as a single phylogroup despite occurring across three oceans and a range of ocean temperatures and salinity gradients. Previous research has focused on applying relatively few markers to reveal population structure of eelgrass, whereas a whole genome approach is warranted to investigate cryptic structure among populations inhabiting different ocean basins and localized environmental conditions. We used a pooled whole-genome re-sequencing approach to characterize population structure, gene flow, and environmental associations of 23 eelgrass populations ranging from the Northeast United States, to Atlantic, subarctic, and Pacific Canada. We identified over 500,000 SNPs, which when mapped to a chromosome-level genome assembly revealed six broad clades of eelgrass across the study area, with pairwise FST ranging from 0 among neighbouring populations to 0.54 between Pacific and Atlantic coasts. Genetic diversity was highest in the Pacific and lowest in the subarctic, consistent with colonization of the Arctic and Atlantic oceans from the Pacific less than 300 kya. Using redundancy analyses and two climate change projection scenarios, we found that subarctic populations are predicted to be more vulnerable to climate change through genomic offset predictions. Conservation planning in Canada should thus ensure that representative populations from each identified clade are included within a national network so that latent genetic diversity is protected, and gene flow is maintained. Northern populations, in particular, may require additional mitigation measures given their potential susceptibility to a rapidly changing climate. Cite this data as: Jeffery, Nicholas et al. (2024). Data from: Variation in genomic vulnerability to climate change across temperate populations of eelgrass (Zostera marina) [Dataset]. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.xpnvx0kp2

This resource documents a dataset of epifauna occurrences collected in 2021 during The Knowledge and Ecosystem-Based Approach in Baffin Bay (KEBABB) program developed by the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) in collaboration with university partners. The overall objective of KEBABB is to characterize the variability and trends in physical, chemical, and biological oceanographic conditions and food webs supporting fisheries in the connected ecosystems of western Baffin Bay and Lancaster Sound. In 2021, DFO expanded the KEBABB program to Barrow Strait (KEBABS-Knowledge and Ecosystem-Based Approach in Barrow Strait), a key productive area of the Tallurutiup Imanga National Marine Conservation Area. The study took place in the Eastern Canadian Arctic (mainly in Baffin Bay, Davis Strait and Barrow Strait). Sampling is done along transects at fixed stations in the study area. Catches are collected with a 1.5 m Agassiz trawl (5 mm mesh net) for 3 minutes bottom-contact time at a target speed of 1.5 knots and with a 3 m benthic beam trawl (6.4 mm mesh net) for 15 minutes bottom-contact time at a target speed of 3 knots. A total of 16 stations were sampled for epifauna in 2021 between 85-850 m depth. Epibenthic invertebrates are identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level and photographed. All unknown specimens are frozen. In the lab, the identifications are validated or refined with the photos and the frozen specimens. The data are presented in Darwin Core and are separated in two files: The “Activité_épifaune_KEBABB_epifauna_event_en” file which contains information about missions, stations and deployments, which are presented under a hierarchical activity structure. The “Occurrence_épifaune_KEBABB_epifauna_en” file that contains the taxonomic occurrences. Further details on sampling can be found in the following report: Pućko, M., Charette, J., Tremblay P., Brulotte S., St-Denis B., Ciastek S., Hedges, K., Kuzyk, Z., Roy V., and Michel, C. 2022. An ecosystem-based approach in the eastern Arctic: KEBABB/S (Knowledge and Ecosystem-Based Approach in Baffin Bay/Barrow Strait) 2021 expedition report. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 3250: viii + 58 p. https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2022/mpo-dfo/Fs97-4-3250-eng.pdf USE LIMITATION: To ensure scientific integrity and appropriate use of the data, we would encourage you to contact the data custodian.

The National Ecological Framework for Canada's "Soil Texture by Ecoregion” dataset contains tables that provide soil texture information within the ecoregion framework polygon. It provides soil texture codes and their English and French language descriptions as well as the percentage of the polygon that the component occupies. Soil texture indicates the relative proportions of the various soil separates (sand, silt, clay) as described by classes of texture. Soil separates are mineral particles, 2.0 mm in diameter and include: gravel 0.2 -7.5 cm and cobbles 7.5-25.0 cm. There are 12 texture group classes definitions and one class definition for Not Applicable (which indicates, for example, water, ice or urban areas).

Marine Protected Areas require comprehensive monitoring to ensure objectives are achieved; however, monitoring natural ecosystems at scale is challenged by the biodiversity it aims to measure. Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding holds promise to address this monitoring challenge. We conducted paired sampling at 54 sites for fish and invertebrate assemblages in the Northwest Atlantic using groundfish trawls and eDNA metabarcoding of benthic seawater using four genetic markers (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and CO1). Compared to trawling, eDNA detected similar patterns of species turnover, larger estimates of gamma diversity, and smaller estimates of alpha diversity. A total of 63.6% (42/66) of fish species captured by trawling were detected by eDNA, along with an additional 26 species. Of the 24 missed detections by eDNA, 12 were inevitable as they lacked reference sequences. Excluding taxa assigned to higher than species level and those without a species name, 23.6% (17/72) of invertebrate species captured by trawling were detected by CO1, which detected an additional 98 species. We demonstrate that eDNA is capable of detecting patterns of community assemblage and species turnover in an offshore environment, emphasizing its strong potential for a non-invasive, comprehensive, and scalable tool for biodiversity monitoring supporting marine conservation programmes. Cite this data as: Jeffery, N., Rubidge, E., Abbott, C., Westfall, K., Stanley, R. (2024): Data of: eDNA metabarcoding enriches traditional trawl survey data for monitoring biodiversity in the marine environment. Published: August 2024. Coastal Ecosystems Science Division, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Dartmouth, N.S. https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/43a91ba7-8025-4330-88db-db14022d729d

Peatlands include information relating to peatlands defined as a wetland, colonized by vegetation allowing the formation of a soil made of peat that is the result of the fossilization of organic matter.**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**

The canopy is defined by the projection on the ground of the tops (crown) of trees (including leaves, branches, and trunks), which is visible from the sky. Any vegetation with a height greater than 2 m was taken into account. The mapping of the canopy was carried out using deep learning methods, based on variables (resolution of 1 m) calculated from raw airborne lidar data from 2010 to 2020. It covers the six census metropolitan areas (CMAs) of Quebec: Gatineau, Montreal, Quebec, Saguenay, Sherbrooke and Trois-Rivières. For more details on the creation of the map as well as the benefits, limitations, and potential uses, consult the * [Technote] (https://www.donneesquebec.ca/recherche/dataset/canopee-des-six-rmr-du-quebec/resource/3d6ed9d1-5760-43f8-95ed-b391b98a30bd) * (simplified version) and/or the * [methodological report] (https://www.donneesquebec.ca/recherche/dataset/canopee-des-six-rmr-du-quebec/resource/09155478-3b52-4865-bda4-3ad4189fe0a5) * (full version). The production of these data was coordinated by the National Institute of Public Health of Quebec (INSPQ) and carried out by the forest remote sensing laboratory of the Sainte-Foy Forestry Education and Research Center (CERFO). NOTE: The canopy height per pixel is available in the raster files that you can download (see the data download guide in the “Documentation” section).**This third party metadata element was translated using an automated translation tool (Amazon Translate).**