The provided microplastic dataset was generated during The Ocean Race Europe in May-June 2021. The samples were collected onboard two 65’ one-design yachts known as VolvoOcean65, called AmberSail2 and AkzoNobel Ocean Racing in the Baltic Sea, North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. The instruments used for underway measurements were the same as used in Tanuha et al., 2020. The system consists of a specially built OceanPack RACE manufactured by SubCtech GmbH in Kiel, which was connected to a microplastic filtration unit built by bbe Moldaenke GmbH. (Data submission https://www.emodnet-ingestion.eu/submissions/submissions_details.php?menu=39&tpd=232&step=0103_001volvo%20ocean%20race). The mixed-layer surface water (~1.5 m depending on the heel of the yachts) was sampled in the Baltic Sea, North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. The laboratory analysis of collected samples was undertaken by GEOMAR (Kiel), under the supervision of Aaron Beck and Toste Tanuha. The data variables includes GPS positions, time, temperature, salinity, flow rates and durations, sample ID, measured microplastic fiber, fragments and total concentration in [particles/m³]. Respetive concentrations of fiber and fragments are also provided for different colors: blue,red, orange, pink, yellow, green, black, clear, purple, grey, brown. Acknowledgements go to 11th Hour, teams AmberSail2 (Tomas Ivanauskas,Regimantas Buozius) and AkzoNobel (Liz Wardley), TheOcean Race Sustainability and Science programmes, bbe Moldaenke GmbH and SubCtech GmbH.

Data of the 27th cruise of the research vessel "Akademik Fyodorov ".

In September 2009, a ship-based study was carried out in the Davis Strait/southern Baffin Bay along a range of transects covering the area between the west coast of Greenland and Baffin Island (Canada) from 68-72º N . Water temperature, salinity and in situ chlorophyll a (chl. a) measured in 0-500 m depths followed the general hydrographical characteristics of the late summer situation. Surface chl. a concentration based on remote sensing satellite data from September 2009 supported these findings. Measurement of in situ chl. a concentrations revealed a maximum in the subsurface (30-50 m water depths). Thus, spatial distribution of the phytoplankton bloom was often restricted to subsurface rather than the surface waters and therefore not detected by the remote sensing during September.

Profiles collected during the cruise GLICE on RV Sanna (August 2022) in Disko Bay

Global phytoplankton production monthly maps for 2017 are produced using an artificial neural network to perform a generalized nonlinear regression of PP on several predictive variables, including latitude, longitude, day length, MLD, SST, PBopt computed according to Behrenfeld and Falkowski (1997), PAR and CHL(0 m). More details about this model can be found in Scardi (2001). Behrenfeld, M. J., Falkowski, P. G. (1997), Photosynthetic rates derived from satellite-based chlorophyll concentration, Limnology & Oceanography, 42(1), 1–20. Scardi, M. (2001), Advances in neural network modeling of phytoplankton primary production, Ecological Modelling, 146, 33–45.

The cruise HM 2015617 onboard the Research Vessel Håkon Mosby is the second and last research cruise of the project ”On Thin Ice (NICE): Role of Ocean Heat Flux in Sea Ice Melt”. NICE is led at the Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen (PI: Ilker Fer) and is funded by the Research Council of Norway (project number 229786) for the period 01.01.2014-31.12.2017

The tasks of the expedition: - conducting complex hydrometeorological observations in the spring-summer period in the Arctic basin of the Arctic Ocean; - obtaining data on the morphometry of the ice cover, the physical and mechanical properties of ice; - study of hydrometeorological and oceanographic conditions.

Measurements data on "North Pole-36" station.This dataset is included the following hydrology parameters:temperature,salinity,density. Meteorological parameters: wind direction,wind speed,air temperature,visibility,air pressure,humidity,cloud cover,cloud cover of the form,ice:type,ice:form,ice:concentration.

This dataset is included the following meteorological parameters: wind speed, wind direction, visibility, total clouds cover, air temperature, sea level pressure, pressure tendency, amount of pressure tendency, present weather(code), sea surface temperature, height of wind waves and etc. Ship Callsign:"UANA". Research vessel:"Fridtjof Nansen".

Results of measurements of the CO2 flow from water from various depths using the bathometers of the oceanographic station No. 69 on the 26th cruise of the research vessel "Akademik Fedorov" Numerical results of measurements of the IR gas analyzer. Parameter:chamber temperature,atmospheric pressure inside the optical element of the gas analyzer,concentration of water vapor inside the chamber, CO2 concentration inside the chamber, CO2 concentration inside the chamber, corrected for water vapor, relative humidity inside the chamber, water salinity by bathometer, water sampling temperature by bathometer, water temperature before measurements, water temperature after measurements.