The Coastal Zones (CZ) LC/LU product for 2012 is providing a detailed Land Cover / Land Use (LC/ LU) dataset for areas along the coastline of the EEA38 countries and the United Kingdom, with reference year 2012 for the classification. This product monitors landscape dynamics in European coastal territory to an inland depth of 10 km with a total area of approximately 730,000 km², with all the relevant areas (estuaries, coastal lowlands, nature reserves). The production of the coastal zone layers was coordinated by the European Environment Agency (EEA) in the frame of the EU Copernicus programme, as part of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (CLMS) Local Component. The Coastal Zones product covers a buffer zone of coastline derived from EU-Hydro v1.1. Land Cover/Land Use (LC/LU) layer is extracted from Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite data and other available data. The class definitions follow the pre-defined nomenclature on the basis of Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services (MAES) typology of ecosystems (Level 1 to Level 4) and CORINE Land Cover adapted to the specific characteristics of coastal zones. The classification provides 71 distinct thematic classes with a Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) of 0.5 ha and a Minimum Mapping Width (MMW) of 10 m. The product is available for the 2012 and 2018 reference year including change mapping. This CZ dataset is distributed in vector format, in a single OGC GeoPackage SQLite file covering the area of interest.

The Coastal Zones LC/LU Change (CZC) 2012-2018 is providing the Land Cover / Land Use (LC/ LU) change for areas along the coastline of the EEA38 countries and the United Kingdom, between the reference years 2012 and 2018. The Coastal Zones product monitors landscape dynamics in European coastal territory to an inland depth of 10 km with a total area of approximately 730,000 km², with all the relevant areas (estuaries, coastal lowlands, nature reserves). The production of the coastal zone layers was coordinated by the European Environment Agency (EEA) in the frame of the EU Copernicus programme, as part of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (CLMS) Local Component. The Coastal Zones Change product covers a buffer zone of coastline derived from EU-Hydro v1.1. The Land Cover/Land Use (LC/LU) Change layer is extracted from Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite data and other available data. The reference years for the change are 2012 and 2018. The class definitions follow the pre-defined nomenclature on the basis of Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services (MAES) typology of ecosystems (Level 1 to Level 4) and CORINE Land Cover adapted to the specific characteristics of coastal zones. The classification provides 71 distinct thematic classes with a Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) of 0.5 ha and a Minimum Mapping Width (MMW) of 10 m. The status product is available for the 2012 and 2018 reference years. This CZC dataset is distributed in vector format, in a single OGC GeoPackage file covering the area of interest.

The Coastal Zones (CZ) LC/LU product for 2018 is providing a detailed Land Cover / Land Use (LC/ LU) dataset for areas along the coastline of the EEA38 countries and the United Kingdom, with reference year 2018 for the classification. This product monitors landscape dynamics in European coastal territory to an inland depth of 10 km with a total area of approximately 730,000 km², with all the relevant areas (estuaries, coastal lowlands, nature reserves). The production of the coastal zone layers was coordinated by the European Environment Agency (EEA) in the frame of the EU Copernicus programme, as part of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (CLMS) Local Component. The Coastal Zones product covers a buffer zone of coastline derived from EU-Hydro v1.1. Land Cover/Land Use (LC/LU) layer is extracted from Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite data and other available data. The class definitions follow the pre-defined nomenclature on the basis of Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services (MAES) typology of ecosystems (Level 1 to Level 4) and CORINE Land Cover adapted to the specific characteristics of coastal zones. The classification provides 71 distinct thematic classes with a Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) of 0.5 ha and a Minimum Mapping Width (MMW) of 10 m. The product is available for the 2012 and 2018 reference year including change mapping. This CZ dataset is distributed in vector format, in a single OGC GeoPackage SQLite file covering the area of interest.

Íslenska: Vetrarfuglatalningar eru ein lengsta samfellda vöktun sem stunduð hefur verið hér á landi og sú sem tekur til flestra fuglategunda. Frá upphafi hafa áhugamenn unnið þetta verk í sjálfboðavinnu og á annað hundrað manns taka þátt. Talningar fara fram á föstum dögum í kringum áramót. Markmið vetrarfuglatalninga er að safna upplýsingum um fjölda og dreifingu fugla að vetrarlagi. Talningar eru staðlaðar og nýtast til vöktunar einstakra stofna. Gögnin sýna þau svæði á Íslandi þar sem fuglar eru taldir á veturna og númersvæðanna sem eru talin. Sjá niðurstöður vetrarfuglatalninga: https://www.natt.is/is/vetrarfuglatalningar-nidurstodur English: Winter bird counts are one of the longest-running continuous monitoring efforts in Iceland and the one that covers the greatest number of bird species. From the beginning, this work has been carried out by volunteers, with around a hundred people participating. The counts take place on fixed dates around the New Year. The aim of the winter bird counts is to collect information on the number and distribution of birds during the winter. The counts are standardized and are used to monitor individual populations. The data show the areas in Iceland where birds are counted during the winter, as well as the numbered survey areas included in the counts.

Íslenska: Vetrarfuglatalningar eru ein lengsta samfellda vöktun sem stunduð hefur verið hér á landi og sú sem tekur til flestra fuglategunda. Frá upphafi hafa áhugamenn unnið þetta verk í sjálfboðavinnu og á annað hundrað manns taka þátt. Talningar fara fram á föstum dögum í kringum áramót. Markmið vetrarfuglatalninga er að safna upplýsingum um fjölda og dreifingu fugla að vetrarlagi. Talningar eru staðlaðar og nýtast til vöktunar einstakra stofna. Sjá niðurstöður vetrarfuglatalninga: https://www.natt.is/is/vetrarfuglatalningar-nidurstodur English: Winter bird counts are one of the longest-running continuous monitoring efforts in Iceland and the one that covers the greatest number of bird species. From the beginning, this work has been carried out by volunteers, with around a hundred people participating. The counts take place on fixed dates around the New Year. The aim of the winter bird counts is to collect information on the number and distribution of birds during the winter. The counts are standardized and are used to monitor individual populations. See the results of the winter bird counts: https://www.natt.is/is/vetrarfuglatalningar-nidurstodur

Kjördæmi eru afmörkuð landsvæði sem mynda einn af grunnþáttum kosningakerfisins. Framboðslistar eru lagðir fram fyrir hvert og eitt kjördæmi þannig að kjósendur í sama kjördæminu geta valið á milli sömu framboðslistanna og kjörnir fulltrúar hljóta þar umboð sitt til þingsetu. Kjördæmaskipulagið og fjöldi kjósenda í hverju þeirra liggur til grundvallar þegar þingsætum er úthlutað eftir þingkosningar. Þar sem kjördæmaskipulagið er ráðandi fyrir vægi atkvæða kjósenda hefur það mikil áhrif á það hvaða frambjóðendur fá sæti á þingi að loknum kosningum. Kjördæmaskipulagið er því meðal þess sem oft hefur orðið að deiluefni. Þegar gerðar voru á því verulegar breytingar kostuðu þær jafnan pólitísk átök og allar hafa þær þýtt málamiðlanir milli ólíkra sjónarmiða. Tekið af vef Alþingis: https://www.althingi.is/thingmenn/althingiskosningar/kosningar-og-kosningaurslit/kjordaemaskipulagid/

Smásvæði Ísland er dreifbýlt land, en þéttbýlt á höfuðborgarsvæðinu. Hefðbundin skipting landsins í landsvæði og sveitarfélög býður ekki upp á samanburðarhæf svæði hvað varðar hagskýrslugerð. Hagstofan hefur því aukið við flokkunarkerfi fyrir hagskýrslusvæði með því að bæta við smásvæðum sem hafa að meðaltali 1.700 til 1.800 íbúa. Smásvæðin mynda fimmta stigið í flokkunarkerfi, með því að hluta talningarsvæðin frekar niður. Alls eru smásvæðin 206 með rúmlega 1.700 manns meðalíbúafjölda, og íbúafjöldanum haldið á bilinu 900 til 3.500 manns, en sem næst meðaltalinu. Þrepin í flokkunarkerfinu eru þessi. 1 - Ísland allt 2 - Tvö hagskýrslusvæði (NUTS3) – höfuðborgarsvæði og landsbyggð 3 - Fjórir landshlutar – tveir á höfuðborgarsvæðinu og tveir á landsbyggðinni 4 - Alls 42 talningarsvæði – 13 í Reykjavík, 11 í Nágrenni Reykjavíkur, 9 á Suðursvæði og 9 á Norðursvæði. 5 - Alls 206 smásvæði – hverju talningarsvæði skipt upp í 2 til 11 smásvæði. Með smásvæðaskiptingunni verður mögulegt að birta ítarlegar hagskýrslur fyrir smærri svæði en áður án þess að þurfa að sleppa úr svæðum eða eyða tölum vegna fámennis. Smásvæðin eru skilgreind vegna þarfa manntalsins 2021, en einnig hefur verið gerð sérstök útgáfa fyrir manntalið 2011, með 183 svæðum sem fylgja að mestu sömu mörkum. Smásvæðaflokkunin var unnin í samstarfi við Byggðastofnun, með fjárhagslegum stuðningi frá Evrópusambandinu. Þá naut Hagstofan aðstoðar Landmælinga Íslands ásamt afnotum af gögnum frá Landmælingum og Mílu ehf. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Minor Statistical Output Areas (MSOA) Due to the sparsely populated country and huge differences in the population sizes of the administrative units, Statistics Iceland has added a new small area level to the hierarchical regional classification in preparation for the 2021 Census. The new level is labeled as Minor Statistical Output Areas (MSOA). There are in total 206 MSOA defined, with an average population in the range 1,700 to 1,800 persons and no area having less population than 900 persons, and no area exceeding 3,500. There are 5 steps in the Regional classification: 1 - Iceland 2 - Two NUTS3 Statistical regions 3 - Four Statistical Regions – 2 in the capital region and 2 in the rural areas 4 - Forty-two (42) Statistical Output Areas (SOA) – 42 areas, 13 in Reykjavik, 11 in the Reykjavik surrounding areas, 9 in the South Region, and 9 in the North region 5 - Two hundred and six (206) Minor Statistical Output Areas (MSOA) –each SOA partitioned further into 2 to 11 MSOA. With the help of the Minor Statistical Output Areas Statistics Iceland is able to publish detailed statistics for smaller areas than previously possible without skipping areas or deleting data due to disclosure concerns. While the MSOA are defined in preparation for the 2021 Census of the Population and Housing, a special version has been developed for classifying data in the 2011 Census, with 183 MSOA, which are but for 23 areas identical to the 2021 version. The MSOA were developed with financial aid from the European Commission, in cooperation with the Icelandic Regional Development Institution and the assistance of the National Land Survey of Iceland and Míla ehf.

Small Woody Features are important vectors of biodiversity and provide information on fragmentation of habitats with a direct potential for restoration while also providing a link to hazard protection and green infrastructure, amongst others. VHR_IMAGE_2021 made available in the ESA Copernicus DWH was the main data source for the detection of small woody features identifiable within the given image resolution. The Small Woody Features layer contains woody linear and patchy elements but will not be further differentiated into trees, hedges, bushes and scrub. The spatial pattern shall be limited to linear structures and isolated patches on the basis of geometric characteristics. This product is a vector dataset distributed as OGC GeoPackage files, compliant with the EEA reference grid (100km x 100km).

Ýmsar tölulegar upplýsingar úr manntali Hagstofunnar frá 2011, settar fram á smásvæðaskiptingu Hagstofunnar. Vinsamlega hafið samband við Hagstofuna vegna nánari upplýsinga.

This metadata refers to the 'Corine Land Cover Plus Backbone' (CLCplus Backbone), a spatially detailed, large-scale, Earth Observation-based land cover inventory which is produced by the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (CLMS). The CLCplus Backbone vector is a land cover map that contains vector polygon geometries (minimum mapping unit: 0.5 ha; minimum mapping width: 20 m) and is based on Sentinel satellite time series and a combination of existing reference datasets for geometries containing transportation and hydrological networks. Each polygon represents aggregated landscape objects and contains their dominant land cover among the 18 basic land cover classes. See polygon class codes in the additional information section. In addition, polygons are enriched with land cover fractions from the CLCplus Backbone raster as well as aggregated attributes based on other CLMS and Copernicus products (e.g. topography). CLCplus Backbone vector is an independent product and its thematic and geometric contents differ from CLCplus Backbone raster and Corine Land Cover. The CLCplus Backbone vector is available for the 2018 reference year.