The Coastal Zones LC/LU Change (CZC) 2012-2018 is providing the Land Cover / Land Use (LC/ LU) change for areas along the coastline of the EEA38 countries and the United Kingdom, between the reference years 2012 and 2018. The Coastal Zones product monitors landscape dynamics in European coastal territory to an inland depth of 10 km with a total area of approximately 730,000 km², with all the relevant areas (estuaries, coastal lowlands, nature reserves). The production of the coastal zone layers was coordinated by the European Environment Agency (EEA) in the frame of the EU Copernicus programme, as part of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (CLMS) Local Component. The Coastal Zones Change product covers a buffer zone of coastline derived from EU-Hydro v1.1. The Land Cover/Land Use (LC/LU) Change layer is extracted from Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite data and other available data. The reference years for the change are 2012 and 2018. The class definitions follow the pre-defined nomenclature on the basis of Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services (MAES) typology of ecosystems (Level 1 to Level 4) and CORINE Land Cover adapted to the specific characteristics of coastal zones. The classification provides 71 distinct thematic classes with a Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) of 0.5 ha and a Minimum Mapping Width (MMW) of 10 m. The status product is available for the 2012 and 2018 reference years. This CZC dataset is distributed in vector format, in a single OGC GeoPackage file covering the area of interest.

The Coastal Zones (CZ) LC/LU product for 2012 is providing a detailed Land Cover / Land Use (LC/ LU) dataset for areas along the coastline of the EEA38 countries and the United Kingdom, with reference year 2012 for the classification. This product monitors landscape dynamics in European coastal territory to an inland depth of 10 km with a total area of approximately 730,000 km², with all the relevant areas (estuaries, coastal lowlands, nature reserves). The production of the coastal zone layers was coordinated by the European Environment Agency (EEA) in the frame of the EU Copernicus programme, as part of the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (CLMS) Local Component. The Coastal Zones product covers a buffer zone of coastline derived from EU-Hydro v1.1. Land Cover/Land Use (LC/LU) layer is extracted from Very High Resolution (VHR) satellite data and other available data. The class definitions follow the pre-defined nomenclature on the basis of Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services (MAES) typology of ecosystems (Level 1 to Level 4) and CORINE Land Cover adapted to the specific characteristics of coastal zones. The classification provides 71 distinct thematic classes with a Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) of 0.5 ha and a Minimum Mapping Width (MMW) of 10 m. The product is available for the 2012 and 2018 reference year including change mapping. This CZ dataset is distributed in vector format, in a single OGC GeoPackage SQLite file covering the area of interest.

The European Urban Atlas provides reliable, inter-comparable, high-resolution land use and land cover change data for 785 Functional Urban Areas (FUA) with more than 50,000 inhabitants between the reference years 2012 and 2018 in EEA38 countries (EU, EFTA, Western Balkan countries as well as Türkiye) and United Kingdom. The spatial data can be downloaded together with a map for each FUA covered and a report with the metadata for the respective area. The Urban Atlas Change layers have become available as of 2012. Urban Atlas is a joint initiative of the European Commission Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy and the Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space in the frame of the EU Copernicus programme, with the support of the European Space Agency and the European Environment Agency.

This metadata refers to the 'Corine Land Cover Plus Backbone' (CLCplus Backbone), a spatially detailed, large-scale, Earth Observation-based land cover inventory which is produced by the Copernicus Land Monitoring Service (CLMS). The CLCplus Backbone vector is a land cover map that contains vector polygon geometries (minimum mapping unit: 0.5 ha; minimum mapping width: 20 m) and is based on Sentinel satellite time series and a combination of existing reference datasets for geometries containing transportation and hydrological networks. Each polygon represents aggregated landscape objects and contains their dominant land cover among the 18 basic land cover classes. See polygon class codes in the additional information section. In addition, polygons are enriched with land cover fractions from the CLCplus Backbone raster as well as aggregated attributes based on other CLMS and Copernicus products (e.g. topography). CLCplus Backbone vector is an independent product and its thematic and geometric contents differ from CLCplus Backbone raster and Corine Land Cover. The CLCplus Backbone vector is available for the 2018 reference year.

Ýmsar tölulegar upplýsingar úr manntali Hagstofunnar frá 2011, settar fram á smásvæðaskiptingu Hagstofunnar. Vinsamlega hafið samband við Hagstofuna vegna nánari upplýsinga.

Kjördæmi eru afmörkuð landsvæði sem mynda einn af grunnþáttum kosningakerfisins. Framboðslistar eru lagðir fram fyrir hvert og eitt kjördæmi þannig að kjósendur í sama kjördæminu geta valið á milli sömu framboðslistanna og kjörnir fulltrúar hljóta þar umboð sitt til þingsetu. Kjördæmaskipulagið og fjöldi kjósenda í hverju þeirra liggur til grundvallar þegar þingsætum er úthlutað eftir þingkosningar. Þar sem kjördæmaskipulagið er ráðandi fyrir vægi atkvæða kjósenda hefur það mikil áhrif á það hvaða frambjóðendur fá sæti á þingi að loknum kosningum. Kjördæmaskipulagið er því meðal þess sem oft hefur orðið að deiluefni. Þegar gerðar voru á því verulegar breytingar kostuðu þær jafnan pólitísk átök og allar hafa þær þýtt málamiðlanir milli ólíkra sjónarmiða. Tekið af vef Alþingis: https://www.althingi.is/thingmenn/althingiskosningar/kosningar-og-kosningaurslit/kjordaemaskipulagid/

[IS] Gagnasettið sýnir staðsetningar botndýra sem hafa rannsökuð við íslandsstrendur. Innan íslenskrar efnahagslögsögu eru þekktar rúmlega 2.500 tegundir sjávardýra, en vísast eru þær umtalsvert fleiri. Tegundafjölbreytni hinna ýmsu dýrafylkinga á Íslandsmiðum er afar misvel þekkt en fastlega má gera ráð fyrir að hlutföllin séu svipuð og á heimsvísu. Upplýsingar um ýmsar tegundir sjávardýra á Íslandsmiðum eru á vefsíðum um dýrahópa, sjá: https://www.natt.is/is/leit-i-biota?kingdom_group.keyword=%2522D%25C3%25BDr%20%2528Animalia%2529%2522 [EN] The dataset shows the locations of benthic invertebrates that have been studied along the coasts of Iceland. Over 2,500 marine animal species have been found in Iceland’s exclusive economic zone, but there are certainly many more. Species diversity within some animal phyla in Icelandic waters is still poorly understood. Presumably, however, species fall under different phyla in similar proportions as elsewhere in the world. Information on marine animal species in Icelandic waters can be found on animal fact sheets on the NSII website.see: https://www.natt.is/is/leit-i-biota?kingdom_group.keyword=%2522D%25C3%25BDr%20%2528Animalia%2529%2522

[IS] Gagnasettið er unnið í samstarfi við Landbúnaðarháskóla Íslands og sýnir þau svæði á Íslandi þar sem er mest rykmengun. Fyrir frekari upplýsingar um gagnasettið er best að hafa samband við Náttúrufræðistofnun. WMS þjónusta: https://gis.natt.is/geoserver/wms WFS þjónusta: https://gis.natt.is/geoserver/wfs Nafn á gagnasetti: copernicus:rykt_hotspots [EN] This dataset was produced in collaboration with the Agricultural University of Iceland and shows the areas in Iceland with the highest levels of dust pollution. For further information about the dataset, please contact the Natural Science Institute of Iceland. WMS service: https://gis.natt.is/geoserver/wms WFS service: https://gis.natt.is/geoserver/wfs Dataset name: copernicus:rykt_hotspots

[IS] Vetrarfuglatalningar eru ein lengsta samfellda vöktun sem stunduð hefur verið hér á landi og sú sem tekur til flestra fuglategunda. Frá upphafi hafa áhugamenn unnið þetta verk í sjálfboðavinnu og á annað hundrað manns taka þátt. Talningar fara fram á föstum dögum í kringum áramót. Markmið vetrarfuglatalninga er að safna upplýsingum um fjölda og dreifingu fugla að vetrarlagi. Talningar eru staðlaðar og nýtast til vöktunar einstakra stofna. Sjá niðurstöður vetrarfuglatalninga: https://www.natt.is/is/vetrarfuglatalningar-nidurstodur [EN] Winter bird counts are one of the longest-running continuous monitoring efforts in Iceland and the one that covers the greatest number of bird species. From the beginning, this work has been carried out by volunteers, with around a hundred people participating. The counts take place on fixed dates around the New Year. The aim of the winter bird counts is to collect information on the number and distribution of birds during the winter. The counts are standardized and are used to monitor individual populations. See the results of the winter bird counts: https://www.natt.is/is/vetrarfuglatalningar-nidurstodur

[IS]: Drónamyndir af svæðum þar sem fram fer vöktun á náttúru Íslands. Aflað af Náttúrufræðistofnun. Fyrir frekari upplýsingar um gögnin er hægt að hafa samband við Náttúrufræðistofnun. Upplýsingar um drónamyndirnar er að finna í footprint lagi. Þar má meðal annars sjá hvenær myndirnar eru teknar og hægt að finna niðurhalslink fyrir þær. WMS þjónusta: https://gis.lmi.is/mapcache/web-mercator/wms Nafn á gagnasettum: drones_orthographics, drones_orthographics_2020. drones_orthographics_2021, drones_orthographics_2022, drones_orthographics_2023, drones_orthographics_2024, drones_orthographics_2025 [EN] Drone imagery of areas where monitoring of Iceland’s natural environment is conducted. Collected by Natural Science Institute of Iceland. For more information, please contact Natural Science Institute of Iceland. Information about the drone imagery can be found in a footprint layer. It includes the capture dates of the images and provides download links among other things. WMS service: https://gis.lmi.is/mapcache/web-mercator/wms Nafn á gagnasettum: drones_orthographics, drones_orthographics_2020, drones_orthographics_2021, drones_orthographics_2022, drones_orthographics_2023, drones_orthographics_2024, drones_orthographics_2025