Bio-geographical regions - Annex 3

Although the circumpolar countries endeavor to support monitoring programs that provide good coverage of Arctic and subarctic regions, this ideal is constrained by the high costs associated with repeated sampling of a large set of lakes and rivers in areas that often are very remote. Consequently, freshwater monitoring has sparse, spatial coverage in large parts of the Arctic, with only Fennoscandia and Iceland having extensive monitoring coverage of lakes and streams Figure 6-2 Current state of monitoring for river FECs in each Arctic country State of the Arctic Freshwater Biodiversity Report - Chapter 6 - Page 94 - Figure 6-2

ARCOD is the acronym for the data rescue project Archive of Ocean Data, former Arctic Ocean Sediment Data. The projects aim is to make data evailable in electronic, machine-readable form which are available in Russian archives and literature. The project is carried out since 2003 by Dr. Evgeny Gurvich.

This dataset contains Amphipod distribution records and is based on literature from the years 1931 to 2018. The data were collected during a variety of cruises and sampling events while the majority was obtained during the Danish Ingolf expedition. Sampling events took place in the North Atlantic and Arctic waters which included the Artic Ocean, Barents Sea, Kara Sea, Labrador Sea, Buffin Bay and Greenland Sea. Amphipods were predominantly collected using dredges, epibenthic sledges and remotely operated vehicles but scuba divers and vehicle-free baited traps were also used. This way, over 1566 Amphipod samples were collected in total which include 45 families, 117 genera and 164 species.

Dataset information available at <a href=http://www.arcodiv.org/Database/Data_overview.html target=_blank>http://www.arcodiv.org/Database/Data_overview.html</a>

The North Atlantic and Arctic Isopoda dataset contains three parts: 1. Distribution records collected from literature; 2. Distribution records of specimens collected by the BIOICE project (Benthic Invertebrates of Icelandic waters 1992-2004); 3. Distribution records of specimens collected by the IceAGE project (Icelandic marine animals: Genetics and Ecology, since 2011). This dataset contains distribution data regarding the 3nd group, isopods occurrences sampled during the IceAGE project

<p>The study of long-distance migration provides insights into the habits and performance of organisms at the limit of their physical abilities. The Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea is the epitome of such behavior; despite its small size (-lt;125 g), banding recoveries and at-sea surveys suggest that its annual migration from boreal and high Arctic breeding grounds to the Southern Ocean may be the longest seasonal movement of any animal. Our tracking of 11 Arctic terns fitted with miniature (1.4 g) geolocators revealed that these birds do indeed travel huge distances (more than 80,000 km annually for some individuals). As well as confirming the location of the main wintering region, we also identified a previously unknown oceanic stopover area in the North Atlantic used by birds from at least two breeding populations (from Greenland and Iceland). Although birds from the same colony took one of two alternative southbound migration routes following the African or South American coast, all returned on a broadly similar, sigmoidal trajectory, crossing from east to west in the Atlantic in the region of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone. Arctic terns clearly target regions of high marine productivity both as stopover and wintering areas, and exploit prevailing global wind systems to reduce flight costs on long-distance commutes.-nbsp;</p>

GLAMAP2000 is a joint effort to reconstruct Atlantic sea-surface temperatures (SST) during the Last glacial maximum (LGM). Contributing institutes are GEOMAR, Kiel for the Arctic, University of Kiel for the North Atlantic, University of Bremen for the South Atlantic, and Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI), Bremerhaven, for the Southern Ocean.

The abundance, biomass and community structure of nematodes along two transpolar transects in the central Artic Ocean were documented.

The Ctenophora collection is part of the SeSAM collections of Senckenberg which combines all collections held at the Senckenberg Natutal History Museum of Frankfurt. This collection is comparatively small; the material reflects not only the research activities of our institute in the Arctic Ocean and North Sea, but also in the Mediterranean and Red Sea. There are no types present today.