Bio-geographical regions - Annex 3

Although the circumpolar countries endeavor to support monitoring programs that provide good coverage of Arctic and subarctic regions, this ideal is constrained by the high costs associated with repeated sampling of a large set of lakes and rivers in areas that often are very remote. Consequently, freshwater monitoring has sparse, spatial coverage in large parts of the Arctic, with only Fennoscandia and Iceland having extensive monitoring coverage of lakes and streams Figure 6-2 Current state of monitoring for river FECs in each Arctic country State of the Arctic Freshwater Biodiversity Report - Chapter 6 - Page 94 - Figure 6-2

This Amphipoda dataset contains three parts: 1. Distribution records collected from literature; 2. Distribution records of specimens collected by the BioICE project (Benthic Invertebrates of Icelandic waters 1992-2004); 3. Distribution records of specimens collected by the IceAGE project (Icelandic marine animals: Genetics and Ecology, since 2011). The IceAGE data are outcome of two Amphipoda identification workshops held in Wilhelmshaven, Germany (2016) and Spala, Polen (2017).

This product enables users to assess spatial and temporal change in fish functional feeding traits across the northeast Atlantic shelf seas. Values are based on non-metric multidimensional axis scores, weighted by biomass observed in otter trawl surveys. This product is the result of collating and analyzing fish stomach contents data from the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans to classify fish into feeding guilds. The feeding guilds identified include planktivores, benthivores, bentho-piscivores, and piscivores. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis was used to provide a more nuanced understanding of different predator feeding traits in relation to others. The NMDS analysis presents axis scores that offer a bounded data perspective, as opposed to categorical, of different predator feeding traits. This analysis is part of the process to classify feeding guilds based on predator stomach contents data. See figure S4 in https://essd.copernicus.org/preprints/essd-2024-102/essd-2024-102-supplement.pdf for a pictorial depiction. Uses attributes recommended by http://cfconventions.org

Happywhale.com is a resource to help you know whales as individuals, and to benefit conservation science with rich data about individual whales. Original provider: Happywhale Dataset credits: Happywhale and contributorsSightings and images were submitted to Happywhale by contributors. A portion of the Happywhale data were transferred to OBIS-SEAMAP upon the agreement between Happywhale and OBIS-SEAMAP. There may be duplicate records among Happywhale datasets and other OBIS-SEAMAP datasets. The precision of date/time vary per record. Some records have date accuracy up to year only. This dataset includes sightings and photos from the following 280 contributors in alphabetic order: adam maire; Adelie Xiaohang Li; Adrian Neubert; Alexandre Lhériau; Alex Sinclair Lack; Alicia; Allan Finney; Allied Whale North Atlantic Humpback Whale Catalog; Allison Chen; Ana; Andrew Newlun; Andrew Stewart; Andy Rose; Angela Bowler; ANGEL SOLE; Anja Robanke; Anke Kugelstadt; Anna Astafurova; Annette Bombosch; AnninaS; Antoine Viot; Audrey Stephens; Austin Wyatt; Avner Chen; Babsi Neubarth; Barbara Anne Brandon; Beatriz Benares; Benoit Nabholz; B. Noordermeer; Bonnie Gretz; Borbala; Boyd Taylor; brad siviour; Calle Schönning; Camilo Rada; Carlos Rincon; Caroline Hodgkiss; Cassandra Ruiz; Cees Tineke; Charles Lavin; Charlotte Taplin; Chris Croxson; Christian Engelke; Christian Thrane; Christoph Fritz; Chrys Tremththanmor; Conor Ryan; Dani Abras; Daniel Stevens; Danilo Foresti; DarrenJew; Dave Matlin; David Bradley; David German; Dennis Boon; Devienne Gilles; Dimitri Vitkin; Dirk van Zandwijk; Dmitrii Kiselev; Domininc Barrington; Doug Gould; Eckhard; Eden Zang; Eivind Aksnes; Elaine Purnell; Elie Vannier; Eliott Lehoux; Elísabet Ýr Guðjónsdóttir; Elke; Ellen Klein; Elodie; emma; Emma Luck; Emma Neave-Webb; Emmanuelle Peyredieu; Enrico Hoefer; Eric Clark; Eric ROURE; Erin Sneider; Eugene Saxentoff; Eyd M. Grønadal; Fabian Schmalzried; Fabio; Familia Sanchez Planell; Fanny; Federico Arribere; Florentine Guinot; françois; Frank J.; Fredrik Broms; Gabriel Lett Viviani; gaidet; Gail Cousins; Garry Bray; Geffen family; Geir Hareide Hansen; Ghada; GordieBryce; Gordon Riddell; Greta Henderson; Hanna Michel; hannes heylen; Hans Verdaat; Harold Moses; Hazel Pittwood; Heidi Krajewsky; Henk Kamstra; Herman Sips; Herve Sibert; Husavik Research Centre; Ian Gordon; Irati Maruri; Isabella Clegg; James F C Hyde IV; Jamie Coleman; Jan Kajzar; Javier Cotin; Javier Solis; Jeff Reynolds; Jenifer; Jérôme JACOB; Jim Wilson; Joe Arceneaux; Joel Moore; John Mina; Jonas Astrup; Jonathan Rempel; joost vaeyens; Josef Wolf; Joy Martinello; Joy van der Beek; Judith Scott; Judit Roch; Julia Jayne; Juliane Schlei; Julia Yr Thorvaldsdottir; Julie Skyte; karen McMullen; Kate Sauvain; Kate Weston; Katrin Schmidt; Kayla Spencer; Ken Jensen; Ken Wells; Kerstin Langenberger; Kevin; Kirsten MacTaggart; Kit Kovacs; Konstantinos Kafritsas; Kurt Methfessel; LAMBIN Jean-Marc; Lars Maltha Rasmussen; Laura; Laurence Fischer; Laurens; Laurie Horsfall; Leendert; Lena Nicola; Lene Zachariassen; Leslie Stueben-Trumphour; Lisa Hildebrand; Loes de Heus; Maëva Accart; Manfred Moormann; Marc Gose; MARC SELLERS; Marcus Bergström; Margrét Ósk Elíasdóttir; Marian Herz; Marijke Nita de Boer; Marika Marnela; Marilia Olio; Marion JONCHERES; Marjolein Meijdam; Mark Harris; Marley Watkins; Martine; Martin Kemper; Mary Keenan; Matt McDermit; Max Schweiger; Menno Schaefer; Michael Scott; Michael Sterling; Michel Pierfitte; Mick Peerdeman; Mona Beate Wendelborg; Mona Wong; Mouser Williams; MS Fram; MS Maud; MS Otto Sverdrup; MS Spitsbergen; Nacho Oria; Nadine Hunziker; Natascha; Niklas Astrom; Nils; NOAA National Marine Mammal Laboratory (NMML); Ocean Missions; Olaf Pignataro; Olivier Blaud; Pascal Mauerhofer; Patrick Ruf; Patrick Scherer; Pat Sanders; Pauline van Monsjou; Paul Soulby; Per Nikolaj Bukh; Per Olsson; Petra Glardon; Petr Petrik; Philippe Jeanty; Pim Wolf; Pupanoid; Queloz; Rachael Barber; Radovan Sutora; Rafael Martins; Raina Burke; Rand Rudland; Rebecca Malkewicz; Richard Allan; Richard Lovelock; Richard Walker; Richard White; Rob Gons; Rodrigo A. Martinez Catalan; Rod White; Romane R; Rosa M. Coronas; Russian Cetacean Habitat Project; Ruud; Sabine Griesser; Sais Céline; Samantha Wormley; Sandra Zijlstra; Sea Fever Productions; Shannon; Shantala Wentink; Sheila Miller; S. Helgu; Siairra Tharp; Simon Smith; Slater T Moore; Sophie Carr; Soyer; Stacey Colebaugh; Steffen G.; Steffen Oehme; Steffo Polar; Stephan Uhlemann; Stephen King; Steve Jones; Steven dos-Remedios; Steve Willetts; Susan Smith; suse; Tanja; Ted Creek; Teresa Blase; Therese Horntrich; Thomas Podesta; Tiffany Fare; Tim Wright; Tobias Brehm; Tobias Paul; Tony Littler; Tressarieu; Tudor Morgan; Ursula Brändle; Vicki Beaver; Virgil Reglioni; Vladimir Burkanov; Whale Wise; Wilfried Schnessl; Wouter Verwee; Years of the North Atlantic Humpback whale (YoNAH); Yuri Choufour; Yves Roumazeilles

This datasets contributes to a better understanding of diversity in small peracarid crustacean and their possible distribution patterns in remote deep-sea regions. It contains specimen ocurrence records of the taxon Cumacea sampled with diverse benthic gears (epibenthic sledges, box corer) on the Yermak Plateau north of Svalbard during the PASCAL project with RV Polarstern in 2017 and during the IceAGE expedition IceAGE1 in 2011 in deep sea regions of the Nordic GIN-Seas (Greenland, Iceland and Norwegian Sea). The specimens investigated on morphological and molecular basis in this study were sampled in the course of different projects: The IceAGE program (Icelandic marine Animals: Genetics and Ecology, Brix et al. 2014a) is an ongoing research project (IceAGE 2 in 2013, IceAGE-RR in 2018, IceAGE 3 in 2020) which was established as a follow up of the very successful BIOFAR (Biology of the Faroe Islands, Nørrevang et al. 1994; Gerken and Watling 1999) and BIOICE (Benthic Invertebrates of Icelandic waters, Omarsdottir et al. 2013) projects. It is aimed to develop into a long-term study to get an overview of the biodiversity in this extremely diverse region around Iceland with a variety of different habitats and environmental challenges in its adjacent waters. Based on genetic and morphological diversity, it aims to create an inventory of the fauna as elementary knowledge for a comprehensive understanding of possible responses to changing climate conditions in marine environments (Brix et al. 2014a). The focus of the expedition PS106/1 (ARK-XXXI/1.1, 24th of May – 21st of June, 2017) off northern Svalbard onboard the RV Polarstern in course of PASCAL (Physical feedbacks of Arctic PBL, Sea ice, Cloud and Aerosol) was an interdisciplinary approach for studying the interaction of different Arctic feedback mechanisms based on atmospheric, oceanographic, physical and biological studies (Macke and Flores 2018). In this context the vessel was attached to an ice floe during a two-week passive drifting according to the ocean’s current as a preliminary trial-expedition to the first year-round MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) expedition (Sep/2019 – Sep/2020).

Happywhale.com is a resource to help you know whales as individuals, and to benefit conservation science with rich data about individual whales. Original provider: Happywhale Dataset credits: Happywhale and contributors Supplemental information: Sightings and images were submitted to Happywhale by contributors. A portion of the Happywhale data were transferred to OBIS-SEAMAP upon the agreement between Happywhale and OBIS-SEAMAP. There may be duplicate records among Happywhale datasets and other OBIS-SEAMAP datasets. The precision of date/time vary per record. Some records have date accuracy up to year only. This dataset includes sightings and photos from the following 19 contributors in alphabetic order: ANGEL SOLE; Babsi Neubarth; Carola Heiner-Braun; Chiari Massimiliano; Dave Teunissen; David Desaulnier; Eric Clark; Esther van der Stappen; Jeremy Thomas; Joanna Clegg; Lynn Murray; MACHI YOSHIDA; Mark Veeken; Michel Lau; MS Fram; MV Hondius; Patricia Bally Triebold; Simon Merz; Wendy Upton

ARCOD is the acronym for the data rescue project Archive of Ocean Data, former Arctic Ocean Sediment Data. The projects aim is to make data evailable in electronic, machine-readable form which are available in Russian archives and literature. The project is carried out since 2003 by Dr. Evgeny Gurvich.

The study of long-distance migration provides insights into the habits and performance of organisms at the limit of their physical abilities. The Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea is the epitome of such behavior; despite its small size (-lt;125 g), banding recoveries and at-sea surveys suggest that its annual migration from boreal and high Arctic breeding grounds to the Southern Ocean may be the longest seasonal movement of any animal. Our tracking of 11 Arctic terns fitted with miniature (1.4 g) geolocators revealed that these birds do indeed travel huge distances (more than 80,000 km annually for some individuals). As well as confirming the location of the main wintering region, we also identified a previously unknown oceanic stopover area in the North Atlantic used by birds from at least two breeding populations (from Greenland and Iceland). Although birds from the same colony took one of two alternative southbound migration routes following the African or South American coast, all returned on a broadly similar, sigmoidal trajectory, crossing from east to west in the Atlantic in the region of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone. Arctic terns clearly target regions of high marine productivity both as stopover and wintering areas, and exploit prevailing global wind systems to reduce flight costs on long-distance commutes. Purpose: The Arctic tern is known to make the longest annual migration in the animal kingdom. During its breeding season, it is found far to the north where summer days are long, and it winters far south in the southern hemisphere, where the days are longest during November to February. This means that the Arctic tern probably experiences more sun light during a calendar year than any other creature on Earth. The long-distance travel of the Arctic tern is well-known both amongst researchers and in the broader public. Now, for the first time, technological advances allow us to follow the Arctic tern on its immense journey, practically from pole to pole. Supplemental information: Four erroneous points were removed from the original dataset: ARTE_410, 9/17/2007 noon; ARTE_370, 9/13/2007 noon; ARTE_373, 9/15/2007 noon and 9/16/2007 noon. Sand Island (74.263 degrees N, 20.160 degrees W), northeast Greenland, is the breeding colony for these Arctic terns and was placed on the map (red-orange square). Sand Island can be used as the beginning and end of all tracks, but since exact dates of the starting and ending of the migration were not available (high-Arctic zone = continuous day light during summer = poor positions when using geolocators), the tracklines for each animal were not mapped to and from the breeding colony. Original provider: Greenland Institute of Natural Resources Dataset credits: Greenland Institute of Natural Resources

Happywhale.com is a resource to help you know whales as individuals, and to benefit conservation science with rich data about individual whales. Original provider: Happywhale Dataset credits: Happywhale and contributors Supplemental information: Sightings and images were submitted to Happywhale by contributors. A portion of the Happywhale data were transferred to OBIS-SEAMAP upon the agreement between Happywhale and OBIS-SEAMAP. There may be duplicate records among Happywhale datasets and other OBIS-SEAMAP datasets. The precision of date/time vary per record. Some records have date accuracy up to year only. This dataset includes sightings and photos from the following 14 contributors in alphabetic order: Adelie Xiaohang Li; Alex Sinclair Lack; Greta Henderson; Joel Moore; Karen Mulders; MACHI YOSHIDA; Marian Herz; Marilia Olio; Nacho Oria; Olivier Blaud; Raina Burke; Sabine+Ulf; Sara Jenner; Tobias Brehm