Hydrography (HY) Iceland is one of 12 themes in the European Location Project (ELF). The purpose of ELF is to create harmonised cross-border, cross-theme and cross-resolution pan-European reference data from national contributions. The goal is to provide INSPIRE-compliant data for Europe. A description of the ELF (European Location Project) is here: http://www.elfproject.eu/content/overview Encoding: INSPIRE version 4

Figure 4 -36 Freshwater fish sampling stations (A), ecoregion alpha diversity in each of the sampled ecoregions, as quantified by estimates of species richness from reference texts (Muus and Dahlstrøm 1971, Scott and Crossman 1973, Mecklenburg et al. 2002) and expert knowledge (academic and government scientists and traditional knowledge) (B), and ecoregion beta diversity (C) characterized according to components of beta diversity as either nestedness, turnover, no diversity (none, beta = 0), or similar nestedness and turnover (nestedness ~ turnover) in the circumpolar Arctic. Ecoregions are shown only where sampling stations occur. Fish sampling stations included in this study assessed complete fish assemblages at each location. State of the Arctic Freshwater Biodiversity Report - Chapter 4 - Page 74 - Figure 4-36

Figure 3-6. The hypothesized effects of rising mean water temperature on biodiversity (as total species number) of Arctic freshwater ecosystems. A pulsed increase in gamma biodiversity (a) results from the combination of high eurythermal invasion and establishment and low stenothermic loss with increasing water temperature. A pulsed decrease in gamma biodiversity (b) results from the combination of low eurythermal invasion and establishment and high stenothermic loss. Rapid increases (c) and slow increases (d) in species diversity occur, respectively, with high eurythermal invasion and establishment coupled with high stenothermic loss or low eurythermal invasion and establishment and low stenothermic loss as temperatures increase. For simplification, barriers to dispersal have been assumed to be limited in these models. State of the Arctic Freshwater Biodiversity Report - Chapter 3 - Page 23 - Figure 3-6

The water level data comes from the groundwater monitoring network of Alberta (Canadian province). Each well in the observation network is equipped with a hydrostatic pressure transducer and a temperature sensor connected to a data logger. A second pressure transducer located above the water surface allows for adjusting the water level according to atmospheric pressure variations. The time series refers to the level below which the soil is saturated with water at the site and at the time indicated. The water level is expressed in meters above sea level (MASL). The dataset consists of a general description of the observation site including; the identifier, the name, the location, the elevation and a series of numerical values designating the water levels at a defined date and time of measurement.

Figure 2-1 The CBMP takes an adaptive Integrated Ecosystem based Approach to monitoring and data creation. This figure illustrates how management questions, conceptual ecosystem models based on science and Traditional Knowledge (TK), and existing monitoring networks are designed to guide the four CBMP Steering Groups (marine, freshwater, terrestrial, and coastal) in their development. Monitoring outputs (data) are designed to feed into the assessment and decision-making processes (data, communication and reporting). The findings are then intended to feed back into the monitoring program. State of the Arctic Freshwater Biodiversity Report - Chapter 2 - Page 15 - Figure 2-1

River ice roughness products from past years in selected Canadian regions that have been designated for observation, monitored by Natural Resources Canada using satellite imagery for emergency response. Coverage is not comprehensive nationwide. In order to mitigate ice jam induced floods risks, Natural Resources Canada emergency geomatics service (EGS) may be activated by Canada’s emergency management authorities. As new satellite imagery becomes available, NRCan will produce river ice roughness maps and update the dataset in near real time (4 hours). This item contains the complete record of the river ice roughness products generated in past years. For any data to the current year, please refer to the [River Ice in Canada - Seasonal](https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/8ca6f047-ddef-43d7-81c2-47654f4c69bd) entry. The river ice product is generated and validated on a best effort basis. Various factors may affect the quality of the river ice roughness maps. Those factors include but are not limited to: sensor type, image resolution or the limitations of the methodology used. To view a specific product in Web Services, filter the data by date (UTC Date) and area of interest (AOI). A link to download specific EGS products is available in the Resources section. Disclaimer: Emergency response authorities are the primary users of these satellite-derived river ice roughness map products. These products are generated to provide analysis and emergency response situational awareness and to facilitate decision-making during major flood events. The river ice roughness products are generated rapidly and limited time is available for editing and validation. The river ice roughness products reflect the river ice surface roughness conditions at the date/time of acquisition. While efforts are made to produce high quality products, near-real time products may contain errors due to the limited time available for validation and the limited availability of ground truthing data. Limitation of Liability: Accordingly, the information contained on this website is provided on an “as is” basis and Natural Resources Canada makes no representations or warranties respecting the information, either expressed or implied, arising by law or otherwise, including but not limited to, effectiveness, completeness, accuracy or fitness for a particular purpose. Natural Resources Canada does not assume any liability in respect of any damage or loss based on the use of this website. In no event shall Natural Resources Canada be liable in any way for any direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential, or other damages based on any use of this website or any other website to which this site is linked, including, without limitation, any lost profits or revenue or business interruption. Parent Collection: - **[River Ice State in Canada - Cartographic Product Collection](https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/d1fcb44f-5f86-4957-bdb4-e6fd1aa69283)**

The "Total Gross Drainage Areas of the AAFC Watersheds Project - 2013" dataset is a geospatial data layer containing polygon features representing the maximum area that could contribute surface runoff (total gross drainage areas) for each gauging station of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Watersheds Project. These polygons overlap as upstream land surfaces form part of multiple downstream gauging stations’ total gross drainage areas. Drainage area includes all land whose surface runoff contributes to the same drainage outlet or gauging station. Many gauging stations share the same headwaters, thus the overlapping areas (or polygons). The majority of the drainage areas in this dataset have shared areas.

Alpha diversity (± standard error) of river (a) diatoms from benthic samples, (b) benthic macroinvertebrates, and (c) fish within hydrobasins in western and eastern North America plotted as a function of the average latitude in each hydrobasin. Alpha diversity is rarefied to 10 stations per hydrobasin, using size level 5 hydrobasins for all panels. State of the Arctic Freshwater Biodiversity Report - Chapter 5 - Page 85 - Figure 5-2

The “Sub-sub-basins of the AAFC Watersheds Project – 2013” dataset is a geospatial data layer containing polygon features representing the Standard Drainage Area Classification (SDAC) 2003 defined sub-sub-drainage areas of the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC) Watersheds Project. Canada has eleven major drainage areas which are divided into 164 sub-drainage areas; the 164 sub-drainage areas are then further divided into 978 sub-sub-drainage areas. All drainage areas, sub-drainage areas and sub-sub-drainage areas are named and have an identifying ‘number’. Sub-sub-drainage areas have ‘numbers’ that share a common ‘four-character’ designation. For example, the 05AB sub-sub-basin contains amongst others, station 05AB006, while the 05AC sub-sub-basin contains station 05AC007 (and others).