Grassland and Shrub-steppe Habitat coverage for the South Okanagan-Similkameen Conservation Program Area of Interest.

Data tracking historical truck travel speeds from the road network performance project. The travel speeds, Travel Time Index (TTI), Delay Index (DI) and Buffer Time Index (BTI) were calculated with GPS data collected by GPS fleet tracking units. This data is used by the Ministry of Transportation to monitor truck speed and performance on major roadways within Ontario. *[GPS]: Global Positioning System

This layer tracks amendments to the length of a section in a road tenure application (Road Permit, Forest Service Road, or Special Use Permit Road). NOTE: This layer does not represent the actual road on the ground. It represents where the application is geographically located

Landcover dataset created for the northern part of Saskatchewan based on a combination of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data representing circa 2000 conditions. Download: here It is a priority of the Saskatchewan and Canadian government to assess and monitor the health and sustainability of Canada's Forest. The North Digital Land Cover Classification (NDLC) will provide Saskatchewan's contribution to Canada's Earth Observation for Sustainable Development of Forests (EOSD) initiative, helping Canada fulfill it's obligation to the Kyoto Protocol. The NDLC supports the mission and directives of the Saskatchewan provincial government by providing an essential dataset which will enable researchers, natural resource managers and government to assess the health and sustainability of our forests, perform research in the area of climate change, manage natural resources and create policy. The NDLC will be based on a combination of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) data representing circa 2000 conditions. The NDLC is being produced through a collaboration of federal, provincial, and territorial governments, agencies and industry. Classification Value Background 0 Agriculture 1 Not Assigned 2 Pasture Upland Herbaceous Graminoid 3 Not Assigned 4 Not Assigned 5 Hardwood Open Canopy 6 Hardwood Closed Canopy 7 Jack Pine Closed Canopy 8 Jack Pine Open Canopy 9 Spruce Closed Canopy 10 Spruce Open Canopy 11 Mixed Hardwoods/Softwoods, Softwood/Hardwood Open and Closed Canopy 12 Treed Rock 13 Recent Burn 14 Revegetating/Regenerating Burn 15 Cutovers 16 Water 17 Marsh 18 Herbaceous Fen 19 Mud Sand Saline 20 Shrub Fen 21 Treed Bog 22 Open Bog 23 Not Assigned 24 Settlements/Roads 25 Barren Land 26 Mixed Softwoods Open and Closed 27 Cloud/Shadow/Haze 28 Unclassified 29 0. Background: Where pixels values are equal to 0 in all channels of satellite image data.  1. Agriculture: Cropland and agricultural clearing areas  2. Not Assigned: Empty Class  3. Pasture Upland Herbaceous Graminoid: Lands containing known pastures, tame or native grasses and herbaceous vegetation. May contain low-lying shrubs with less then 10% tree cover. 4. Not Assigned: Empty Class  5. Not Assigned: Empty Class  6. Hardwood Open Canopy: Trembling Aspen, White Birch, Balsam Poplar composes greater than 75% of species by area, Crown Closure: greater than 10% and less than or equal to 55% (SE crown closure classes A and B).  7. Hardwood Closed Canopy: Trembling Aspen, White Birch, Balsam Poplar composes greater than 75% of species by area, Crown Closure: greater than 55% (SE crown closure classes C and D).  8. Jack Pine Closed Canopy: Jack Pine composes greater than 75% of species by area, Crown Closure: greater than 55% (SE crown closure classes C and D).  9. Jack Pine Open Canopy: Jack Pine composes greater than 75% of species by area, Crown Closure: greater than 10 and less than or equal to 55% (SE crown closure classes C and D).  10. Spruce Closed Canopy: White Spruce, Black Spruce composes greater than 75% of species by area, Crown Closure: greater than 55% (SE crown closure classes C and D).  11. Spruce Open Canopy: White Spruce, Black Spruce composes greater than 75% of species by area, Crown Closure: greater than 10 and less than or equal to 55% (SE crown closure classes C and D).  12. Mixed Hardwoods/Softwoods, Softwood/Hardwood Open and Closed Canopy: An area of hardwood and softwood combinations in which neither hardwood nor softwood account for greater than 75% of species by area and where the crown closure is greater than 10%.  13. Treed Rock: Forest vegetation less than 10%.  14. Recent Burn: An area showing evidence of recent burning natural or prescribed and there is little to no regeneration or revegetation visible.  15. Revegetating/Regenerating Burn: An area showing evidence of natural or prescribed burning and where regeneration or revegetation is visible.  16. Cutovers: An area of deforestation, vegetated and non-vegetated. Ancillary data required to correctly classify due to the anthropogenic land cover/land use class.  17. Water: These areas include lakes, rivers, streams, and reservoirs.  18. Marsh: A periodically wet or continually flooded but non peat-forming area supporting grasses, sedges and reeds.  19. Herbaceous Fen: A wetland area consisting of nutrient rich water and decomposing peat supporting vascular and nonvascular plants grasses, sedges, and reeds.  20. Mud Sand Saline: Water saturated soil, salt water and sand containing no vegetation.  21. Shrub Fen: A wetland area consisting of nutrient rich water and decomposing peat supporting low shrubs, forbs, grass, moss, and a sparse tree cover.  22. Treed Bog: A wetland area consisting of decomposing peat moss, lichen and shrubs with 10% to 25% tree cover of stunted black spruce and tamarack.  23. Open Bog: A wetland area consisting of low nutrient water and decomposing peat moss, lichen, and sparse tree cover.  24. Not Assigned: Empty Class  25. Settlements/Roads: Anthropogenic land cover consisting of urban, commercial, industrial, major roads, highways, surface mines, gravel pits and spoil piles.  26. Barren Land: With the exception of the settlements and Roads class, any area of exposed rock, soil or non-vegetated land.  27. Mixed Softwoods Open and Closed: Jack Pine/Spruce, Spruce/Jack Pine Open and Closed, an area of softwood combinations in which neither Jack Pine or Spruce account for greater than 75% of species by area and where crown closure is greater than 10%.  28. Cloud/Shadow/Haze: An area of cloud, shadow, haze.  29. Unclassified: An area of unidentifiable land cover, indicates no work done/not classified, wrong information, missing data and possible new class greater than 3 pixels. 

Land cover classification image for the Cypress Upland ecoregion of Saskatchewan with a spatial resolution of 10m. The goal of this land cover classification was to distinguish native from tame grasslands. The classification was based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 imagery using machine learning analysis in the Google Earth Engine platform. The classification was conducted on imagery acquired in 2023, and the classification model was built with field data collected in 2023. There are seven classes in total: native grassland, tame grassland, cropland, shrubs, trees, water, and urban area. Download: here The Prairie Landscape Inventory (PLI) aims to develop improved methods of assessing land cover and land use for conservation. Native grassland has historically been one of the hardest to map at-risk ecosystems because of the challenges in distinguishing native grassland from tame grassland land cover using remotely sensed imagery. This classification distinguishes native grassland from tame grassland and will provide valuable information for habitat suitability for native grassland species, identifying high biodiversity potential and invasion risk potential.   The classification map has seven (7) classes. The mixed grassland class included in the PLI land cover classification for other prairie ecoregions was not modelled in the Cypress Upland. 1. Cropland This class represents all cultivated areas with crop commodities, including corn, pulse, soybeans, canola, grains, and summer-fallow. 2. Native grassland This class represents the native grassland areas that are composed of at least 75% native grass, sedge and forb species, such as the needle grasses and wheatgrasses along with June grass and blue grama grass. Unbroken grassland that is invaded by species like Kentucky bluegrass, crested wheatgrass or smooth brome, such that native cover is less than 75%, is not considered native for the purpose of this project.  4. Tame grassland This class represents the tame grassland areas that are composed of at least 75% seeded or planted species with introduced grasses and forb species such as crested wheatgrass, smooth brome, Kentucky bluegrass, alfalfa, and sweet clover. 5. Water This class represents permanent water locations such as lakes and rivers. 6. Shrubs This class represents the sites dominated by woody vegetation of relatively low height (generally +/-2 meters) with shrub canopy typically >20% of total vegetation cover. 7. Trees This class represents the coniferous/deciduous trees, mixed-wood area, and other trees >2 meters height with tree canopy typically >20% of total vegetation cover. 9. Urban area This class represents both urban municipalities and buffered roads. Urban municipalities was used to mask the urban/developed area class of the Annual Crop Inventory 2021 (Agriculture Agri-Food Canada). Colour Classes: Value Label Red Green Blue 1 Cropland 255 255 190 2 Native grassland 168 168 0 4 Tame grassland 245 202 122 5 Water 190 232 255 6 Shrubs 205 102 153 7 Trees 66 128 53 9 Urban area 128 128 128 Accuracy metrics This model has an overall accuracy of 92 per cent. The table below summarizes the user’s accuracy, producer’s accuracy, and F1-score of the model on the validation dataset. Class User’s accuracy (%) Producer’s accuracy (%) F1-score Cropland 96 96 0.96 Native grassland 90 93 0.92 Tame grassland 93 71 0.82 Water 100 100 1.00 Shrubs 77 88 0.83 Trees 96 996 0.96

The Forest Management in Canada, 2017 story map provides an interactive generalized classification of forest management in Canada. Forests cover large areas of Canada but only some of these forests are actively managed. The 2017 Map of Forest Management in Canada provides a generalized classification of forest management in Canada, including: protected areas Treaty/Settlement Lands (including Treaty Lands identified in final agreements, land claim agreements and settlements) Indian reserves other federal reserves (including military training areas) provincial and territorial reserves and restricted use areas private lands long-term tenure areas short-term tenure areas other The Map of Forest Management in Canada dataset provides a wall-to-wall classification of lands in Canada in 2017. It does not differentiate areas of forest from non-forest. The 2017 Map of Forest Management in Canada differs from maps defining the area designated as “managed forest” for greenhouse gas inventory reporting purposes and does not replace those maps. Instead, the Map of Forest Management in Canada shows areas that are currently managed, as of June 2017, and provides generalized management type classification for those areas. Collaborating agencies plan to update the dataset periodically as needed, and remain open to receiving advice from experts concerning refinement priorities for future versions.Source: This application shows forest management in Canada areas, as of June 2017, and includes data provided by Alberta Agriculture and Forestry; British Columbia Ministry of Forests; Manitoba Sustainable Development; Natural Resources Canada; New Brunswick Department of Energy and Resource Development; Newfoundland & Labrador Department of Fisheries and Land Resources; Northwest Territories Department of Environment and Natural Resources; Nova Scotia Department of Lands and Forestry; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Prince Edward Island Department of Communities, Land & Environment; Québec Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs; Saskatchewan Ministry of Environment; and Yukon Energy, Mines and Resources.·       This main story map application includes the following Forest Management in Canada web maps and web apps:  Forest Management in Canada Classification Map, 2017 Water Map (Managed Forest Code 100) Protected Map (Managed Forest Code 20) Treaty/Settlement Map (Managed Forest Code 40) Federal Reserve Map (Managed Forest Code 31) Indian Reserve Map (Managed Forest Code 32) Restricted Map (Managed Forest Code 33) Private Map (Managed Forest Code 50) Long-Term Tenure Map (Managed Forest Code 11) Short-Term Tenure Map (Managed Forest Code 12) Other Map (Managed Forest Code 13) Canada’s Forested Areas Classification Map, 2017 Canada’s Forest Management Classification Web App, 2017 Canada’s Forest Management Classification and Treed Areas Web App (Simplified) Canada’s Forest Management Classification and Treed Areas Web App 

Contours created at 50m and 10m intervals throughout New Brunswick. These contours are derived from 6 point per meter LiDAR data acquired between 2015 – 2018.

Gross biological volume - softwood (GBVSWD) is an expression of in-the-tree stem softwood volume (m3) on a per-hectare basis. Calculated from the ground to the tip. Available here as a raster (GeoTIF) with a 20 m pixel resolution. Download: Here The Saskatchewan Ministry of Environment, Forest Service Branch, has developed a forest resource inventory (FRI) which meets a variety of strategic and operational planning information needs for the boreal plains. Such needs include information on the general land cover, terrain, and growing stock (height, diameter, basal area, timber volume and stem density) within the provincial forest and adjacent forest fringe. This inventory provides spatially explicit information as 10 m or 20 m raster grids and as vectors polygons for relatively homogeneous forest stands or naturally non-forested areas with a 0.5 ha minimum area and a 2.0 ha median area.  Gross biological volume per hectare - softwood (GBVSWD) is an expression of in-the-tree stem softwood volume (m3) on a per-hectare basis. Calculations are made from the ground to the tip. GBVSWD is available here as a color-mapped 16-bit unsigned integer raster grid in GeoTIFF format with a 20 m pixel resolution. An ArcGIS Pro layer file (*.lyrx) is supplied for viewing GBVSWD data in the following 50 m3/ha categories. Domain: [NULL, 0…1000]. RANGE LABEL RED GREEN BLUE 0 <= GBVSWD < 25 0 NA NA NA 25 <= GBVSWD < 75 50 63 81 181 75 <= GBVSWD < 125 100 66 101 160 125 <= GBVSWD < 175 150 68 121 138 175 <= GBVSWD < 225 200 71 140 117 225 <= GBVSWD < 275 250 74 160 96 275 <= GBVSWD < 325 300 85 178 79 325 <= GBVSWD < 375 350 123 191 74 375 <= GBVSWD < 425 400 161 203 70 425 <= GBVSWD < 475 450 198 216 66 475 <= GBVSWD < 525 500 236 229 61 525 <= GBVSWD < 575 550 255 226 53 575 <= GBVSWD < 625 600 255 209 40 625 <= GBVSWD < 675 650 255 191 28 675 <= GBVSWD < 725 700 255 174 16 725 <= GBVSWD < 775 750 255 156 3 775 <= GBVSWD < 825 800 253 139 9 825 <= GBVSWD < 875 850 251 121 20 875 <= GBVSWD < 925 900 249 103 31 925 <= GBVSWD < 975 950 246 85 43 975 <= GBVSWD <= 1000 1000 244 67 54For more information, see the Forest Inventory Standard of the Saskatchewan Environmental Code, Forest Inventory Chapter.

Surface Type Map The map describes the surface type of Saskatchewan Highways including AC Paved, Granular Paved, TMS, Gravel and Winter Ice Roads.

Map of Canada's forested areas used in the Story Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2017. Canada's forest management classification map classifies all land and inland water areas. It does not differentiate forest areas from non-forest areas. Treed areas can be identified using a separate map layer that was derived using satellite data. Treed areas were used as a proxy for forested areas having a canopy closure of 25% or greater and a tree height of 5 m or greater.  Source:  This web map shows Canada's forested areas used in the Story Map of Forest Management in Canada, 2017 and includes the following tiled layer: Canada's Forested or Treed Areas, 2017Data provided by Alberta Agriculture and Forestry; British Columbia Ministry of Forests; Manitoba Sustainable Development; Natural Resources Canada; New Brunswick Department of Energy and Resource Development; Newfoundland & Labrador Department of Fisheries and Land Resources; Northwest Territories Department of Environment and Natural Resources; Nova Scotia Department of Lands and Forestry; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; Prince Edward Island Department of Communities, Land & Environment; Québec Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs; Saskatchewan Ministry of Environment; and Yukon Energy, Mines and Resources.